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[Music]

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hello and welcome to the show I'm Martin

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Willis your host and we have an

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interesting guests this evening we have

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dr. Michael masters and he has he has a

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very interesting idea of what UFOs could

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possibly be and as most of my longtime

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listeners know I have absolutely no idea

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what they are or what's in them if

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anything is in them at all and and so I

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loved hearing different ideas and

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exploring the different thoughts that

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people come up with it's really

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enjoyable for me so he'll be coming up

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right after the news with Alejandro

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Rojas who's joining us today in just a

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minute I want to thank everyone that

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helps us out and supports the show

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anyone can do that

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that information is over at podcast UFO

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com and speaking of that we have blogs

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now every week from charles lear check

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it out this week we have something

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that's close to home for him he talks

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about UFOs in his backyard and that's

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just in the area which he lives in the

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Long Island area and he involves a

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number of people that actually have been

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on this show in the past and talking

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about you know what's going on over

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there and there it has been a lot of

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sightings out there I think it's one of

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the top I don't know if you want to call

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Hut spots but one of the the top places

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in the country where their sightings in

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New York and of course a lot of that has

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to do with population you know New York

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City the most populated city by by far

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so anyway that that blog is up there and

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I think that is that next week I just

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wanted to talk about because I always

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announced my guest for next week I don't

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have a guest for next week I do he is

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he's gonna let me know for sure if he

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can be on the show

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so I don't want to announce his name but

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anyway I like I said I usually it's

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going to be a surprise next week whoever

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the guest is going to be and anyway I'm

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gonna start the show with Alejandro all

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Rojas

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welcome to the show Alejandro thank you

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very much I am happy to be here yeah I'm

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always happy that you're here

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and so hey it's been a newsy news eat a

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doozy weeds bad news e AF sound I'd like

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to put it

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hey f okay as heck a split as flip okay

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thank you for using that word instead of

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what I thought you're gonna say well

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you're not supposed to say out the

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acronym yeah that's the whole point

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yeah but yeah but just so people know

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and I've told these people on this my on

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my show if I use like a F I mean a

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spliff I always mean that that the flip

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sounds good to know

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but anyways yes it's been so news he

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because so much has been going on really

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we're kind of in the middle of this mega

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media blast kind of fervor around UFOs

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and it all dust high-back inhabits

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everything to do with unidentified

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America's UFO investigation which is the

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television show that is coming out on

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Friday that covers essentially to the

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stars as they investigate UFOs the main

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lead character in it is Louise Elizondo

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it's a reality show

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of course he used to run the Pentagon

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program the advanced aerospace threat

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identification program a tip on so it

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also gets into cases that he looked at

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now this all started that the fervor of

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course all of this started in December

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2017 when Leslie Kane

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Ralph Blumenthal and Helen Cooper wrote

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it this story about a tip and

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everybody's been really excited about it

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but we haven't gotten a whole lot of

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information and that has mostly been I

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know for a fact because of this

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television show was an idea of how do we

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get this information out there for

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better or worse so a lot of people have

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criticized it but those of us who have

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seen the program like you and I Martin

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think that this this program is really

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good at least the first episode that

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we've seen so this is how they decided

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to release this information

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but people have been wondering what is

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gonna be in the shoe and there's been

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some interviews that we've all had to

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talk about what was in the show lose

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dropped hand said other cases are gonna

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be in there and of course when the New

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York Times article came out there was a

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video in there there were two flurry

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videos one of them from the 2004 Nimitz

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event the other one we didn't have much

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information then soon after to the Stars

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released a third video and there's a lot

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of debate over the last year or so and

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and the DoD really released these videos

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we do know that they did well this all

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hit another huge mate it's all making a

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big deal again right now because in New

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York Times well for a couple articles

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first the Politico they wrote Brian

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bender the guy working with Politico who

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is actually in this new History Channel

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television show he wrote an article

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about the Navy making new guidelines Tom

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DeLonge they came out and said that to

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the Stars influenced getting the new

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Navy to make UFO reporting guidelines

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Chris Mellon them back him up a little

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bit later in an article with George

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Knapp and then some of us such as

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yourself and myself have spoken to one

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of the executive producers Anthony la

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Paix and he confirmed that not only did

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these guys have you know an influence

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with the Navy but that is going to be in

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the show we're gonna actually see this

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influence and see Lou Elizondo and the

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other to the stars guys working with the

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Navy to get all of this information out

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so on top of that there are also going

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to be some more exciting cases related

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to those other videos in the History

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Channel show and the New York Times

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finally you know what a year and a half

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later has done a follow up to their

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original I'd a tip article and this

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one's called their headlines are really

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weird actually both articles the

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headlines are weird but the headlines

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and this is wow what is that yes pilots

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report unexplained flying objects I do

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agree about the headlines I thought it

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yeah the other one was Aurora's and you

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know

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but this has a couple more pilots that

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are coming forward about events that

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took place in 2014 and 2015 so they're

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talking about these UFO sightings and

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you know essentially I don't think these

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encounters that they're talking about

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here are necessarily as exciting as

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flavors personal account

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however they are talking about more

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credible accounts where they're chasing

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essentially looking for objects that are

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showing up on radar

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one case that they talk about is really

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exciting where these two Jets are flying

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along when this jet and his wingman are

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about a hundred feet apart and some

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object zips in between them and this

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actually was a pivotal moment this

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happened I think it 2014 or 2015 early

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2015 and up until this point they

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weren't sure what these objects were

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that we're showing up on radar but once

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this thing zipped through in between

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them then they really took it seriously

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for two reasons one because they were

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getting close this was a near miss they

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could have been hurt and two because the

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object was a cube inside of a circle

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they described it as like a clear beach

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ball with a cube inside of it so it was

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extremely flipping odd Haven I said

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people have described it as kind of X

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file this title or rogue away from

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warzone wrote about how it's X file like

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because it's just so weird so at that

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point you know they took it really

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seriously and we've got a new story that

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came out just today the Washington Post

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this is a great title of this article -

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it's called essentially that UFOs are a

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big deal and now we can't

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he says UFOs exist and everyone needs to

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adjust to that fact and what's great

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about this article it's a political

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writer and he says UFOs are not the same

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as aliens that we don't know what UFOs

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are there unidentified what's beautiful

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about that is all of us know that but

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this has been a real hard sell this has

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been hard to educate the mainstream from

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mainstream media on that point because

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they always want to go to aliens so it's

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great to see him writing that and

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and just now I just posted some videos

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that I got from history of interviews

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with these pilots that from that New

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York Times article and these are small

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clips about minute minute and a half of

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these pilots talking about these in

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calendars and these are clips from the

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show from upcoming episodes so really

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exciting stuff one other story to plug

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my stories I wrote another story that

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just came out yesterday I know it just

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came out this morning and den of geek

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but this was centered around why Tom

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DeLonge I think a lot of people are

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seeing the previews for unidentified and

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they see Lou Elizondo you know this

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career intelligence guy they show Chris

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melon who was you know worked

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intelligence with like the deputy

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assistant to you know national

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intelligence crazy working at the White

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House and the Pentagon and everything

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Steve justice a guy who worked for

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Lockheed Martin skunk works these are

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the guys who built the sr-71 so you have

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all of these very highly credible people

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what's with this rock star right in the

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middle of it yeah of course a lot of us

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know who have been following this and

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this is the gist of the article is that

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none of this really would have happened

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without Tom DeLonge and what's really

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funny as I wrote this article probably

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few three weeks ago but after this news

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with not just the Navy changing their

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guidelines with all of these Navy pilots

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coming forward and the mainstream taking

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this seriously and it all comes back to

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Tom DeLonge really Tom DeLonge this

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might have happened maybe in the months

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from now or years from now as people

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kind of came out but he was kind of the

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person who coalesced all this and

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brought everybody together and focused

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this effort and Tom DeLonge deserves an

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immense amount of credit for all of this

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yeah as long as he stays off like Joe

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Rogan show you know as long as he say he

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still has some really crazy ideas and I

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don't know about you but I have a lot of

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people harassing me well what about Tom

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Tom said this and Tom said that and I'd

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say it's great but what Tom says we

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don't have anything corroborating what

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Lou says now we have a lot of government

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documents that have come out DOD at

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first kind of

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claimed that Lou was inaccurate and some

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things but it you know finally recently

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they've had to admit that no Lou was

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right about all of these things that a

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tip was about UFOs that they did release

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the T videos so Lou has a lot of

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corroborating evidence

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00:11:49,860 --> 00:11:46,960
all of these Navy guys have you know

273
00:11:52,020 --> 00:11:49,870
other pilots radar that they can back up

274
00:11:54,000 --> 00:11:52,030
their claims so a lot of the more fringy

275
00:11:56,340 --> 00:11:54,010
kind of wild ideas that Tom DeLonge hat

276
00:11:57,990 --> 00:11:56,350
has have still really don't have any

277
00:12:01,920 --> 00:11:58,000
idea where he got some of those ideas

278
00:12:06,210 --> 00:12:01,930
but nevertheless this crazy rock star

279
00:12:10,080 --> 00:12:06,220
guy is rockin through UFO world oh what

280
00:12:12,780 --> 00:12:10,090
a great title extra rock and I see the

281
00:12:15,420 --> 00:12:12,790
world there will be a song I'm you know

282
00:12:16,230 --> 00:12:15,430
it you kind of give credit where

283
00:12:19,260 --> 00:12:16,240
credit's due

284
00:12:21,990 --> 00:12:19,270
exactly and I think you know there's a

285
00:12:24,150 --> 00:12:22,000
lot of people that really really do not

286
00:12:27,570 --> 00:12:24,160
want to give Tom DeLonge any credit at

287
00:12:30,270 --> 00:12:27,580
all and I kind of get that the reason I

288
00:12:32,430 --> 00:12:30,280
kind of get that is because you know he

289
00:12:33,630 --> 00:12:32,440
comes out of nowhere basically and

290
00:12:36,440 --> 00:12:33,640
there's people have been working really

291
00:12:39,360 --> 00:12:36,450
hard you know perhaps their entire life

292
00:12:41,370 --> 00:12:39,370
trying to you know get some headway here

293
00:12:43,410 --> 00:12:41,380
I've been at it a couple decades have

294
00:12:45,600 --> 00:12:43,420
yeah and lord knows how much money and

295
00:12:47,310 --> 00:12:45,610
he just kind of you know I don't want to

296
00:12:50,280 --> 00:12:47,320
say he fell into it but maybe he did

297
00:12:51,810 --> 00:12:50,290
fall into it it kind of but you know his

298
00:12:55,500 --> 00:12:51,820
celebrity status he would have never

299
00:12:56,700 --> 00:12:55,510
gone anywhere really with with that you

300
00:12:58,740 --> 00:12:56,710
know well I think that you've got a

301
00:13:00,960 --> 00:12:58,750
great point there because in a way I

302
00:13:03,810 --> 00:13:00,970
think he did it's not just his celebrity

303
00:13:07,470 --> 00:13:03,820
status he was wise enough to go to the

304
00:13:10,740 --> 00:13:07,480
right place you know somebody keeps

305
00:13:12,870 --> 00:13:10,750
sending us notes but I think that the

306
00:13:15,030 --> 00:13:12,880
person who's sending us notes doesn't

307
00:13:18,600 --> 00:13:15,040
have everything right but in a way they

308
00:13:20,340 --> 00:13:18,610
do I think that you know they're

309
00:13:22,260 --> 00:13:20,350
mentioning like how put off who's part

310
00:13:23,640 --> 00:13:22,270
of the group which is true that helped

311
00:13:25,470 --> 00:13:23,650
put off as part of the group and has

312
00:13:27,330 --> 00:13:25,480
been very helpful kicked green it's

313
00:13:30,630 --> 00:13:27,340
worked in this field but the point being

314
00:13:33,630 --> 00:13:30,640
at robert bigelow a lot of this comes

315
00:13:35,790 --> 00:13:33,640
back to all of this group of researchers

316
00:13:37,620 --> 00:13:35,800
and very credible people who have worked

317
00:13:39,960 --> 00:13:37,630
inside of government to make the

318
00:13:41,820 --> 00:13:39,970
paranormal serious to make people pay

319
00:13:44,180 --> 00:13:41,830
attention to the credible

320
00:13:47,160 --> 00:13:44,190
all evidence towards different

321
00:13:50,600 --> 00:13:47,170
paranormal aspects decades and now

322
00:13:54,180 --> 00:13:50,610
really with the help of Tom DeLonge and

323
00:13:55,980 --> 00:13:54,190
kind of a more of a coalescing and a

324
00:13:58,080 --> 00:13:55,990
team kind of atmosphere among all of

325
00:14:01,020 --> 00:13:58,090
these people and help from people like

326
00:14:02,760 --> 00:14:01,030
Leslie Kane and Ralph Blumenthal who

327
00:14:05,070 --> 00:14:02,770
write these articles for the New York

328
00:14:07,170 --> 00:14:05,080
Times we've got this perfect storm

329
00:14:09,630 --> 00:14:07,180
situation where it's all coming together

330
00:14:11,190 --> 00:14:09,640
now with a History Channel show and

331
00:14:12,960 --> 00:14:11,200
people are gonna have to take our word

332
00:14:15,060 --> 00:14:12,970
for it that the History Channel is good

333
00:14:17,160 --> 00:14:15,070
show is good and I don't blame them in

334
00:14:18,870 --> 00:14:17,170
my review I wrote I could see how you'd

335
00:14:20,970 --> 00:14:18,880
be skeptical especially when History

336
00:14:22,920 --> 00:14:20,980
Channel's doing ancient aliens and this

337
00:14:25,320 --> 00:14:22,930
shows coming right after ancient alien

338
00:14:27,060 --> 00:14:25,330
yes but it's much much different than

339
00:14:29,880 --> 00:14:27,070
ancient aliens and you can attest to

340
00:14:33,750 --> 00:14:29,890
that yeah I have only watched up ancient

341
00:14:36,150 --> 00:14:33,760
healing aliens a couple of times in my

342
00:14:37,770 --> 00:14:36,160
life so and it was a long time ago so I

343
00:14:43,230 --> 00:14:37,780
don't really I can't really remember

344
00:14:45,270 --> 00:14:43,240
much about it only cyclists hair you

345
00:14:47,190 --> 00:14:45,280
know well that kind of speaks volumes

346
00:14:50,010 --> 00:14:47,200
though because you're into this topic

347
00:14:52,080 --> 00:14:50,020
yet you're not that big of a fan of

348
00:14:54,150 --> 00:14:52,090
ancient aliens and I'm in the same boat

349
00:14:56,400 --> 00:14:54,160
I love Giorgio I love the guys who are

350
00:14:59,190 --> 00:14:56,410
in the show they're personal friends

351
00:15:03,090 --> 00:14:59,200
many of them but that's really not my

352
00:15:06,420 --> 00:15:03,100
cup of tea so much however unidentified

353
00:15:10,740 --> 00:15:06,430
is it's it's hard-hitting evidence and

354
00:15:13,560 --> 00:15:10,750
facts Navy pilots jet fighters exciting

355
00:15:15,480 --> 00:15:13,570
stuff yeah great stuff excellent well

356
00:15:16,680 --> 00:15:15,490
alejandro thank you so much yeah and

357
00:15:19,860 --> 00:15:16,690
it's really you know the news is

358
00:15:23,040 --> 00:15:19,870
breaking daily it seems it is I mean

359
00:15:24,840 --> 00:15:23,050
it's it's keeping me so busy it's a it I

360
00:15:27,540 --> 00:15:24,850
think it's breaking even you know

361
00:15:29,550 --> 00:15:27,550
throughout the day even today's been so

362
00:15:31,320 --> 00:15:29,560
hot with several great stories and now

363
00:15:33,780 --> 00:15:31,330
these videos that I literally just

364
00:15:35,730 --> 00:15:33,790
posted because before coming on with you

365
00:15:38,460 --> 00:15:35,740
so yeah it's exciting Seth

366
00:15:40,170 --> 00:15:38,470
so check out is it at your own channel -

367
00:15:41,700 --> 00:15:40,180
what's the name of your channel most of

368
00:15:43,800 --> 00:15:41,710
this news you can find that open mind

369
00:15:45,540 --> 00:15:43,810
stat TV and I'll have this article up

370
00:15:48,660 --> 00:15:45,550
there soon but otherwise you can also

371
00:15:52,230 --> 00:15:48,670
find it at on my social media alejandro

372
00:15:55,140 --> 00:15:52,240
t rojas is my twitter or also Alejandro

373
00:15:55,769 --> 00:15:55,150
de Rojas comm excellent all right I'll

374
00:15:58,379 --> 00:15:55,779
handle thanks

375
00:15:59,400 --> 00:15:58,389
and I'll be talking next week all righty

376
00:16:01,679 --> 00:15:59,410
later ah thanks man

377
00:16:04,499 --> 00:16:01,689
thank you all right our guests this

378
00:16:08,069 --> 00:16:04,509
evening pretty excited about talking

379
00:16:10,710 --> 00:16:08,079
about this subject and it's dr. Michael

380
00:16:13,739 --> 00:16:10,720
P masters and he is a professor of

381
00:16:17,069 --> 00:16:13,749
biological anthropology at Montana Tech

382
00:16:19,139 --> 00:16:17,079
in Butte Montana he received a PhD in

383
00:16:21,900 --> 00:16:19,149
anthropology from the Ohio State

384
00:16:24,689 --> 00:16:21,910
University in 2009 where he specialized

385
00:16:27,559 --> 00:16:24,699
in human evolutionary anatomy archeology

386
00:16:30,799 --> 00:16:27,569
and biomedicine his new book is called

387
00:16:33,540 --> 00:16:30,809
identified flying objects a

388
00:16:36,509 --> 00:16:33,550
multidisciplinary scientific approach to

389
00:16:38,009 --> 00:16:36,519
the UFO phenomenon challenges readers to

390
00:16:40,530 --> 00:16:38,019
consider the new possibilities while

391
00:16:42,540 --> 00:16:40,540
cultivating conversations about our

392
00:16:46,049 --> 00:16:42,550
ever-evolving understanding of time and

393
00:16:48,420 --> 00:16:46,059
time travel and this is why he's on to

394
00:16:51,929 --> 00:16:48,430
cultivate a conversation welcome to the

395
00:16:54,150 --> 00:16:51,939
show dr. masters thanks Martin so great

396
00:16:58,139 --> 00:16:54,160
to be everything strap me on yes yeah so

397
00:17:00,809 --> 00:16:58,149
I guess so I'm gonna start out by asking

398
00:17:04,409 --> 00:17:00,819
you to talk about your background and

399
00:17:07,559 --> 00:17:04,419
kind of what made you decide to look

400
00:17:10,620 --> 00:17:07,569
take a look at this this whole idea of

401
00:17:13,529 --> 00:17:10,630
yours well it all started when I was a

402
00:17:17,370 --> 00:17:13,539
small child I was about eight years old

403
00:17:18,990 --> 00:17:17,380
and overheard a conversation that my

404
00:17:20,309 --> 00:17:19,000
parents were having with some friends

405
00:17:22,799 --> 00:17:20,319
that were over at our house and I

406
00:17:24,360 --> 00:17:22,809
remember creeping down the stairs and

407
00:17:27,000 --> 00:17:24,370
kind of sitting up on the stairs and

408
00:17:30,180 --> 00:17:27,010
listening and it was this crazy story

409
00:17:32,820 --> 00:17:30,190
about this glowing ball of light that my

410
00:17:35,789 --> 00:17:32,830
father saw a short period of time before

411
00:17:37,770 --> 00:17:35,799
I was born and described it as this

412
00:17:40,799 --> 00:17:37,780
glowing orb sitting across the horizon

413
00:17:44,310 --> 00:17:40,809
in a very dark part of Ohio in Amish

414
00:17:46,200 --> 00:17:44,320
country and said it shot toward the

415
00:17:47,639 --> 00:17:46,210
truck him and someone a colleague that

416
00:17:50,430 --> 00:17:47,649
were riding along with him that night

417
00:17:52,320 --> 00:17:50,440
both observed the same thing sat there

418
00:17:54,149 --> 00:17:52,330
for a little bit shot back across the

419
00:17:56,760 --> 00:17:54,159
horizon hovered there for a while then

420
00:17:59,010 --> 00:17:56,770
went straight up and that that really

421
00:18:02,730 --> 00:17:59,020
piqued my interest and made me want to

422
00:18:08,159 --> 00:18:02,740
learn more about it well and did he ever

423
00:18:09,510 --> 00:18:08,169
try to you know tried to decide what he

424
00:18:11,669 --> 00:18:09,520
thought he saw I'm

425
00:18:15,390 --> 00:18:11,679
did he I did the actual of the word UFO

426
00:18:17,700 --> 00:18:15,400
actually come out you know what did do

427
00:18:20,130 --> 00:18:17,710
you think you saw yeah well I mean I

428
00:18:21,840 --> 00:18:20,140
think he was really confused as as our

429
00:18:25,380 --> 00:18:21,850
most people that have an experience like

430
00:18:28,560 --> 00:18:25,390
that he he did try to get some level of

431
00:18:30,650 --> 00:18:28,570
understanding what was really formative

432
00:18:33,270 --> 00:18:30,660
for me personally was that he got

433
00:18:35,430 --> 00:18:33,280
Whitley Strieber spoke communion and I

434
00:18:37,530 --> 00:18:35,440
remember seeing it up on the shelf in

435
00:18:39,870 --> 00:18:37,540
our living room and kind of had this

436
00:18:42,090 --> 00:18:39,880
mental image that I described early in

437
00:18:44,340 --> 00:18:42,100
the book is just kind of a chimpanzee

438
00:18:48,000 --> 00:18:44,350
and early hominin form a modern human

439
00:18:50,460 --> 00:18:48,010
form and then this archetypal alien form

440
00:18:54,210 --> 00:18:50,470
with a big head big eyes small face and

441
00:18:55,770 --> 00:18:54,220
whatnot and this it sort of made me

442
00:18:58,320 --> 00:18:55,780
wonder if there could be some sort of

443
00:19:00,030 --> 00:18:58,330
phylogenetic evolutionary connection

444
00:19:03,480 --> 00:19:00,040
there and that's that's what set me down

445
00:19:07,140 --> 00:19:03,490
this path but he really didn't talk

446
00:19:10,740 --> 00:19:07,150
about it much I remember actually having

447
00:19:12,900 --> 00:19:10,750
to ask him about it I think I was in

448
00:19:15,540 --> 00:19:12,910
college maybe a sophomore junior in

449
00:19:16,950 --> 00:19:15,550
college and sat down just just because I

450
00:19:20,190 --> 00:19:16,960
was really starting to look into this

451
00:19:22,680 --> 00:19:20,200
more and wanted to get a take on his

452
00:19:25,799 --> 00:19:22,690
personal experiences but other than that

453
00:19:27,540 --> 00:19:25,809
little sit down we had many years ago it

454
00:19:31,500 --> 00:19:27,550
really wasn't something he brought up or

455
00:19:34,470 --> 00:19:31,510
or discussed willingly kind of took some

456
00:19:36,660 --> 00:19:34,480
prodding to get him to even describe his

457
00:19:38,250 --> 00:19:36,670
personal experience but I know he was

458
00:19:39,750 --> 00:19:38,260
certainly interested in trying to get

459
00:19:41,549 --> 00:19:39,760
more information because when you see

460
00:19:44,250 --> 00:19:41,559
something like that there's there's

461
00:19:47,130 --> 00:19:44,260
really no way to just ignore it I think

462
00:19:50,280 --> 00:19:47,140
everybody it's a life-changing thing and

463
00:19:52,320 --> 00:19:50,290
people really want some explanation or

464
00:19:53,970 --> 00:19:52,330
at least some answers for what that

465
00:19:55,860 --> 00:19:53,980
might have been yeah that's actually why

466
00:19:58,500 --> 00:19:55,870
I'm here you know was it really

467
00:20:01,470 --> 00:19:58,510
experience I had yeah what was yours it

468
00:20:03,660 --> 00:20:01,480
was a you know what's it's by most

469
00:20:07,530 --> 00:20:03,670
people sightings I have to tell you it

470
00:20:11,390 --> 00:20:07,540
was it was you know boring you know it

471
00:20:13,970 --> 00:20:11,400
was I was in basically in a hot tub and

472
00:20:17,610 --> 00:20:13,980
it's something caught my eye it was in

473
00:20:18,750 --> 00:20:17,620
Carmel Valley California back in 2006

474
00:20:20,549 --> 00:20:18,760
something caught my eye I've told this

475
00:20:24,060 --> 00:20:20,559
story number time so

476
00:20:26,789 --> 00:20:24,070
and listener bear with me here and so I

477
00:20:29,190 --> 00:20:26,799
looked up and it was it was sort of dusk

478
00:20:32,340 --> 00:20:29,200
you know wasn't really nightfall and I

479
00:20:34,470 --> 00:20:32,350
saw this perfectly shaped disc I would

480
00:20:36,720 --> 00:20:34,480
say it's like probably the size of it's

481
00:20:38,669 --> 00:20:36,730
hard to say look like the size of a

482
00:20:41,580 --> 00:20:38,679
quarter I guess I don't know exactly how

483
00:20:46,950 --> 00:20:41,590
high up it was and it had like a light

484
00:20:49,950 --> 00:20:46,960
blue glow and no lights or anything and

485
00:20:51,029 --> 00:20:49,960
it just it moved and silently and that

486
00:20:53,340 --> 00:20:51,039
was the thing that freaked me out the

487
00:20:55,649 --> 00:20:53,350
most is like wow there's no noise this

488
00:20:58,499 --> 00:20:55,659
thing is you know not a single noise and

489
00:21:02,549 --> 00:20:58,509
then it just stopped and then went off

490
00:21:04,799 --> 00:21:02,559
in an angle toward Carmel I'm sorry

491
00:21:05,669 --> 00:21:04,809
toward Monterey so I I jumped out of the

492
00:21:07,379 --> 00:21:05,679
hot tub and called

493
00:21:08,940 --> 00:21:07,389
I didn't know what I didn't know if any

494
00:21:10,710 --> 00:21:08,950
reporting centers or anything like that

495
00:21:13,230 --> 00:21:10,720
never even dawned to me to look on

496
00:21:14,879 --> 00:21:13,240
online or anything and so I called the

497
00:21:16,769 --> 00:21:14,889
police department and said is anyone

498
00:21:19,320 --> 00:21:16,779
else seeing this and I was put on hold

499
00:21:21,539 --> 00:21:19,330
for about twenty minutes and gave up so

500
00:21:24,180 --> 00:21:21,549
it's kind of a boring sighting there no

501
00:21:26,430 --> 00:21:24,190
I don't think so at all in fact it's I

502
00:21:28,649 --> 00:21:26,440
haven't seen anything so to me that's

503
00:21:30,749 --> 00:21:28,659
that's phenomenal it's a really great

504
00:21:32,100 --> 00:21:30,759
experience and a cool place to see it

505
00:21:34,289 --> 00:21:32,110
too actually this came from Monterey

506
00:21:36,840 --> 00:21:34,299
last week I was there as part of a book

507
00:21:38,669 --> 00:21:36,850
tour I was on and so beautiful beautiful

508
00:21:41,549 --> 00:21:38,679
area oh isn't it yeah it was really nice

509
00:21:45,629 --> 00:21:41,559
I've lived out that way for I think it

510
00:21:47,369 --> 00:21:45,639
was nine years so um the the the thing

511
00:21:49,049 --> 00:21:47,379
I'm coming up with did your did you

512
00:21:53,249 --> 00:21:49,059
father actually see an entity of some

513
00:21:54,600 --> 00:21:53,259
type no no just the just the light and

514
00:21:57,419 --> 00:21:54,610
it was the same thing there weren't

515
00:22:00,149 --> 00:21:57,429
lights on it he just he described it as

516
00:22:03,029 --> 00:22:00,159
glowing it's just not not radiating

517
00:22:05,039 --> 00:22:03,039
beams of light as they do when you look

518
00:22:06,600 --> 00:22:05,049
at a bright light in the dark street

519
00:22:09,389 --> 00:22:06,610
light or whatever but just sort of a

520
00:22:13,399 --> 00:22:09,399
glow that I had yeah but no I don't

521
00:22:15,659 --> 00:22:13,409
think I don't think it was a any sort of

522
00:22:17,730 --> 00:22:15,669
presence of a being or any sort of

523
00:22:20,430 --> 00:22:17,740
communication or anything like that yeah

524
00:22:22,739 --> 00:22:20,440
yeah you know we're gonna be talking

525
00:22:25,259 --> 00:22:22,749
about time travel the possibility of it

526
00:22:28,649 --> 00:22:25,269
and this is what your book kind of I

527
00:22:30,840 --> 00:22:28,659
believe the the basis of a possible

528
00:22:33,119 --> 00:22:30,850
basis of it and you know as a kid I

529
00:22:34,390 --> 00:22:33,129
remember I used to I used to make a lot

530
00:22:36,520 --> 00:22:34,400
of stupid jokes and one of them

531
00:22:38,080 --> 00:22:36,530
was well we'll never invent time travel

532
00:22:40,390 --> 00:22:38,090
because we never see anyone from the

533
00:22:42,880 --> 00:22:40,400
future but I think your book kind of is

534
00:22:44,650 --> 00:22:42,890
questioning that it addresses that

535
00:22:47,530 --> 00:22:44,660
specifically that was always Stephen

536
00:22:49,120 --> 00:22:47,540
Hawking's principle argument to is that

537
00:22:51,430 --> 00:22:49,130
because we're not inundated with time

538
00:22:54,550 --> 00:22:51,440
tourists it must mean that time travel

539
00:22:56,680 --> 00:22:54,560
will never be possible yeah yeah one of

540
00:22:59,140 --> 00:22:56,690
the things up I was thinking about know

541
00:23:02,100 --> 00:22:59,150
what I wanted to tell you your your get

542
00:23:05,220 --> 00:23:02,110
your thoughts on this ISM I had an

543
00:23:08,620 --> 00:23:05,230
astrobiologist on this show

544
00:23:11,200 --> 00:23:08,630
astrophysicists on the show a number of

545
00:23:13,710 --> 00:23:11,210
years ago and Jeffrey I just can't think

546
00:23:18,490 --> 00:23:13,720
of his last name right now and he said

547
00:23:21,370 --> 00:23:18,500
that him and his colleagues at NASA was

548
00:23:23,350 --> 00:23:21,380
a senior visiting scientists at NASA and

549
00:23:26,320 --> 00:23:23,360
he said they would kind of talk you know

550
00:23:28,930 --> 00:23:26,330
quietly and one of the things you know

551
00:23:31,120 --> 00:23:28,940
about the possibility of you know space

552
00:23:33,100 --> 00:23:31,130
travel and all that and one of the

553
00:23:35,850 --> 00:23:33,110
things they you know that they kind of

554
00:23:37,690 --> 00:23:35,860
bounced off each other is that if a

555
00:23:39,910 --> 00:23:37,700
civilization can get through the

556
00:23:41,740 --> 00:23:39,920
bottleneck of Technology without blowing

557
00:23:44,410 --> 00:23:41,750
themselves up then they would be

558
00:23:47,560 --> 00:23:44,420
traveling the Stars and this so I wanted

559
00:23:50,050 --> 00:23:47,570
to wanted to get your your feedback on

560
00:23:52,060 --> 00:23:50,060
that phrase yeah I mean that was a big

561
00:23:54,490 --> 00:23:52,070
part of the Drake Equation too I think

562
00:23:57,940 --> 00:23:54,500
one of the most important variables is

563
00:24:00,820 --> 00:23:57,950
El in his equation is how long does a

564
00:24:02,530 --> 00:24:00,830
civilization exist how how long can they

565
00:24:05,680 --> 00:24:02,540
persist after they reached that point

566
00:24:09,450 --> 00:24:05,690
when they develop complex societies and

567
00:24:12,120 --> 00:24:09,460
in politics and economics and war and

568
00:24:15,310 --> 00:24:12,130
yeah it does seem like there would be

569
00:24:18,640 --> 00:24:15,320
some sort of intrinsic bottleneck

570
00:24:21,100 --> 00:24:18,650
associated with that in looking at

571
00:24:22,780 --> 00:24:21,110
humanity on this planet and that is

572
00:24:25,540 --> 00:24:22,790
currently our only frame of reference

573
00:24:26,980 --> 00:24:25,550
since we don't have other visitors from

574
00:24:28,870 --> 00:24:26,990
other planets coming here and

575
00:24:31,330 --> 00:24:28,880
interacting with us openly and telling

576
00:24:33,670 --> 00:24:31,340
us what's going on on their own planet

577
00:24:35,350 --> 00:24:33,680
but here yeah we've been a very warm on

578
00:24:36,910 --> 00:24:35,360
green species for a long time and there

579
00:24:39,040 --> 00:24:36,920
have been very peaceful societies

580
00:24:42,040 --> 00:24:39,050
throughout history and prehistory but

581
00:24:43,870 --> 00:24:42,050
they tend to not last very long or have

582
00:24:46,210 --> 00:24:43,880
been driven to the outskirts by

583
00:24:47,950 --> 00:24:46,220
agricultural groups especially after the

584
00:24:49,810 --> 00:24:47,960
Neolithic Revolution

585
00:24:53,260 --> 00:24:49,820
the dawn of Agriculture and and yeah

586
00:24:55,960 --> 00:24:53,270
ever since then we anytime as I tell my

587
00:24:57,970 --> 00:24:55,970
my anthropology classes anytime humans

588
00:25:00,130 --> 00:24:57,980
have developed technology to kill each

589
00:25:02,350 --> 00:25:00,140
other better that technology and those

590
00:25:04,300 --> 00:25:02,360
people spread very rapidly you see it

591
00:25:06,610 --> 00:25:04,310
with the Copper Age Iron Age gunpowder

592
00:25:08,560 --> 00:25:06,620
age and now with the potential to

593
00:25:10,810 --> 00:25:08,570
completely wipe ourselves out or at

594
00:25:12,670 --> 00:25:10,820
least to really damage the human

595
00:25:14,140 --> 00:25:12,680
population and the earth that we live on

596
00:25:15,880 --> 00:25:14,150
with nuclear war

597
00:25:19,180 --> 00:25:15,890
yeah it really makes you think about

598
00:25:22,930 --> 00:25:19,190
that and and contemplate how important

599
00:25:24,960 --> 00:25:22,940
that might be what if we did create a

600
00:25:27,490 --> 00:25:24,970
true bottleneck both genetically

601
00:25:29,380 --> 00:25:27,500
technologically it set us back

602
00:25:31,330 --> 00:25:29,390
tremendously in all of the progress

603
00:25:33,070 --> 00:25:31,340
that's brought us to where we are today

604
00:25:35,560 --> 00:25:33,080
I definitely think that's important to

605
00:25:37,810 --> 00:25:35,570
consider yeah yeah well we're right at

606
00:25:40,720 --> 00:25:37,820
our break right now so we're going to go

607
00:25:43,270 --> 00:25:40,730
to a break and so hang in there everyone

608
00:25:57,420 --> 00:25:43,280
over at kera we'll be right back right

609
00:25:57,430 --> 00:26:04,979
race a race

610
00:26:10,769 --> 00:26:07,649
I'm not sure if you if race is there and

611
00:26:15,169 --> 00:26:10,779
brought us to break or not so we'll I

612
00:26:19,739 --> 00:26:17,399
it's the first time this has happened

613
00:26:24,239 --> 00:26:19,749
when in doubt when in doubt keep going I

614
00:26:27,509 --> 00:26:24,249
guess yeah yeah so no I think you know I

615
00:26:30,229 --> 00:26:27,519
think of a number of things and you know

616
00:26:32,369 --> 00:26:30,239
you've heard you know the fear of

617
00:26:35,609 --> 00:26:32,379
artificial intelligence you know I mean

618
00:26:37,559 --> 00:26:35,619
mm-hmm what that can do in the future I

619
00:26:39,599 --> 00:26:37,569
mean you know you could create a machine

620
00:26:42,149 --> 00:26:39,609
that says destroy the world and you know

621
00:26:44,099 --> 00:26:42,159
keep creating new machines to destroy

622
00:26:45,539 --> 00:26:44,109
the world and you know and then it can

623
00:26:48,689 --> 00:26:45,549
get out of control you know that's kind

624
00:26:50,729 --> 00:26:48,699
of like you know maybe that's a little

625
00:26:52,949 --> 00:26:50,739
way out there but I mean if well it's

626
00:26:55,259 --> 00:26:52,959
it's been a theme in so many science

627
00:26:57,659 --> 00:26:55,269
fiction films and a lot of times those

628
00:26:59,759 --> 00:26:57,669
are based in real fears real

629
00:27:02,219 --> 00:26:59,769
possibilities I could certainly see

630
00:27:04,019 --> 00:27:02,229
where where there might be the potential

631
00:27:06,599 --> 00:27:04,029
for that you think as humans we would

632
00:27:08,189 --> 00:27:06,609
tame it once it got to the point where

633
00:27:09,930 --> 00:27:08,199
it maybe that could potentially happen

634
00:27:12,299 --> 00:27:09,940
and a lot of it comes down to

635
00:27:14,669 --> 00:27:12,309
consciousness - and this idea of free

636
00:27:17,849 --> 00:27:14,679
will and there may be more to it than

637
00:27:19,739 --> 00:27:17,859
just the robots decide to do this but no

638
00:27:21,509 --> 00:27:19,749
it's it's definitely something who

639
00:27:23,669 --> 00:27:21,519
wasn't it I think Elon Musk

640
00:27:25,349 --> 00:27:23,679
just came out recently and yeah and

641
00:27:28,999 --> 00:27:25,359
warned us of that and a couple other

642
00:27:31,649 --> 00:27:29,009
high-level executives smart people

643
00:27:33,599 --> 00:27:31,659
certainly very intelligent and connected

644
00:27:35,189 --> 00:27:33,609
people so yeah when when people like

645
00:27:37,799 --> 00:27:35,199
Elon Musk say we should be afraid of

646
00:27:38,819 --> 00:27:37,809
that I definitely sit up and listen yeah

647
00:27:44,939 --> 00:27:38,829
yeah definitely

648
00:27:47,549 --> 00:27:44,949
yeah and and so if if one of the things

649
00:27:49,680 --> 00:27:47,559
I have said many times on this show also

650
00:27:51,779 --> 00:27:49,690
when talking with people that have

651
00:27:55,139 --> 00:27:51,789
different ideas on you know what

652
00:27:57,889 --> 00:27:55,149
possibly could UFOs be I always say a

653
00:28:01,289 --> 00:27:57,899
lot of times that we often think in

654
00:28:03,599 --> 00:28:01,299
terms of human terms and it's so hard to

655
00:28:06,109 --> 00:28:03,609
and that that comes to everything even

656
00:28:09,029 --> 00:28:06,119
down to physics you know we think of

657
00:28:11,579 --> 00:28:09,039
well they can't get they can't get here

658
00:28:13,769 --> 00:28:11,589
from there because it's it is extremely

659
00:28:15,880 --> 00:28:13,779
vast I mean it's you can't even

660
00:28:18,610 --> 00:28:15,890
comprehend the vastness of

661
00:28:20,919 --> 00:28:18,620
one star to another and all that so I

662
00:28:23,080 --> 00:28:20,929
understand that but I also understand

663
00:28:25,810 --> 00:28:23,090
that we are we are thinking in human

664
00:28:27,970 --> 00:28:25,820
terms we're thinking of terms of what we

665
00:28:29,890 --> 00:28:27,980
know and and we don't know if everything

666
00:28:33,250 --> 00:28:29,900
has been thought of in physics it's most

667
00:28:35,919 --> 00:28:33,260
likely not so what are your what were

668
00:28:39,340 --> 00:28:35,929
your thoughts that kind of led you on

669
00:28:43,720 --> 00:28:39,350
the path of possible time travel instead

670
00:28:45,789 --> 00:28:43,730
of visitors well I think you're

671
00:28:49,930 --> 00:28:45,799
absolutely right and humans have a

672
00:28:51,760 --> 00:28:49,940
tremendous knack for anthropomorphizing

673
00:28:54,190 --> 00:28:51,770
things and ascribing human

674
00:28:56,110 --> 00:28:54,200
characteristics or I mean it's really

675
00:28:57,789 --> 00:28:56,120
all we know we can't sit down with

676
00:28:59,980 --> 00:28:57,799
dolphins and and have these

677
00:29:01,990 --> 00:28:59,990
conversations about dolphin points of

678
00:29:04,419 --> 00:29:02,000
view or chimpanzee points of view we're

679
00:29:06,070 --> 00:29:04,429
kind of alone in our intellect at least

680
00:29:10,060 --> 00:29:06,080
with regard to these higher level

681
00:29:12,760 --> 00:29:10,070
cognition types of things but but for me

682
00:29:14,830 --> 00:29:12,770
personally the main thing was is the

683
00:29:18,580 --> 00:29:14,840
physiology the physical characteristics

684
00:29:20,830 --> 00:29:18,590
and looking at long term evolutionary

685
00:29:23,980 --> 00:29:20,840
changes in the hominid lineage and two

686
00:29:27,400 --> 00:29:23,990
of the main changes that characterize us

687
00:29:28,870 --> 00:29:27,410
as humans and hominins which is just us

688
00:29:31,630 --> 00:29:28,880
and our upright-walking

689
00:29:33,190 --> 00:29:31,640
ancestors going back to the split

690
00:29:35,049 --> 00:29:33,200
between us and eventually what became

691
00:29:36,940 --> 00:29:35,059
the chimpanzee which was about six to

692
00:29:39,510 --> 00:29:36,950
eight million years ago when we shared a

693
00:29:42,820 --> 00:29:39,520
common ancestor but the two main changes

694
00:29:45,820 --> 00:29:42,830
have to do with our brains increasing in

695
00:29:47,890 --> 00:29:45,830
size and expanding laterally from the

696
00:29:49,810 --> 00:29:47,900
inside out but also forward and coming

697
00:29:51,850 --> 00:29:49,820
out over top of our eyeballs and in fact

698
00:29:54,100 --> 00:29:51,860
we're the only mammal that has that

699
00:29:56,919 --> 00:29:54,110
craniofacial configuration in which our

700
00:29:59,260 --> 00:29:56,929
forebrain sits right on top of our i/o

701
00:30:01,240 --> 00:29:59,270
orbits and the trade-off there is that

702
00:30:03,150 --> 00:30:01,250
our faces have to get out of the way it

703
00:30:05,860 --> 00:30:03,160
would be like it'd be like putting a

704
00:30:07,960 --> 00:30:05,870
camper trailer on top of a Corvette and

705
00:30:10,570 --> 00:30:07,970
expecting that to work out logistically

706
00:30:12,280 --> 00:30:10,580
it's just and it's the same thing with

707
00:30:14,409 --> 00:30:12,290
with cranial facial morphology you can

708
00:30:16,650 --> 00:30:14,419
see it very clearly in dogs as an

709
00:30:20,590 --> 00:30:16,660
example a Doberman Pinscher collie

710
00:30:22,360 --> 00:30:20,600
versus a pug or a even a Rottweiler

711
00:30:25,600 --> 00:30:22,370
larger dogs that still have those

712
00:30:28,600 --> 00:30:25,610
retract faces and larger larger

713
00:30:30,450 --> 00:30:28,610
foreheads so over evolutionary time and

714
00:30:33,090 --> 00:30:30,460
especially more

715
00:30:35,250 --> 00:30:33,100
in recent human evolution the last

716
00:30:38,670 --> 00:30:35,260
800,000 years or so our brains have

717
00:30:40,860 --> 00:30:38,680
continued this increase in size but also

718
00:30:43,230 --> 00:30:40,870
a change in shape they've become what we

719
00:30:45,210 --> 00:30:43,240
as anthropologists call globular and

720
00:30:47,700 --> 00:30:45,220
increasing globular T where they become

721
00:30:49,950 --> 00:30:47,710
more rounded more balloon licker we

722
00:30:52,560 --> 00:30:49,960
become more bubble-headed essentially

723
00:30:54,720 --> 00:30:52,570
and our faces continue to get out of the

724
00:30:56,610 --> 00:30:54,730
way of this runaway brain and and it's

725
00:30:59,700 --> 00:30:56,620
it's not just that morphology but it's

726
00:31:02,640 --> 00:30:59,710
also given us this this evolution in our

727
00:31:04,830 --> 00:31:02,650
culture going back 3 3.3 million years

728
00:31:07,140 --> 00:31:04,840
ago with the advent of the first stone

729
00:31:09,210 --> 00:31:07,150
tools that set in motion this

730
00:31:11,520 --> 00:31:09,220
accelerating rate of change in our

731
00:31:14,370 --> 00:31:11,530
culture and technology as well and the

732
00:31:17,310 --> 00:31:14,380
phones that we have any sort of

733
00:31:20,100 --> 00:31:17,320
machinery computers all of it is the

734
00:31:22,500 --> 00:31:20,110
direct descendants of those first stone

735
00:31:26,040 --> 00:31:22,510
tools three million years ago so if we

736
00:31:28,230 --> 00:31:26,050
look at time and and and the sense of

737
00:31:31,560 --> 00:31:28,240
deep time and human evolution both

738
00:31:34,590 --> 00:31:31,570
culturally and biologically you can

739
00:31:36,660 --> 00:31:34,600
really see this this consistent pattern

740
00:31:39,690 --> 00:31:36,670
these tenacious trends both in our

741
00:31:42,720 --> 00:31:39,700
morphology and culture and projecting

742
00:31:44,910 --> 00:31:42,730
those forward you would get something

743
00:31:47,760 --> 00:31:44,920
that very much resembles the most

744
00:31:49,830 --> 00:31:47,770
commonly described alien form or what I

745
00:31:52,260 --> 00:31:49,840
refer to as an extra tempest trail in

746
00:31:56,790 --> 00:31:52,270
the book replacing tear the Latin root

747
00:31:59,880 --> 00:31:56,800
for earth with Tom the root for time so

748
00:32:02,220 --> 00:31:59,890
so even even without making claims or

749
00:32:03,900 --> 00:32:02,230
speculating about what might happen if

750
00:32:05,730 --> 00:32:03,910
we did blow ourselves up and there was

751
00:32:07,980 --> 00:32:05,740
nuclear war and we had to live in space

752
00:32:10,800 --> 00:32:07,990
or underground without even going down

753
00:32:12,900 --> 00:32:10,810
that speculative road just looking at

754
00:32:15,150 --> 00:32:12,910
the continuation of these same enduring

755
00:32:17,280 --> 00:32:15,160
trends throughout hominid evolution into

756
00:32:18,780 --> 00:32:17,290
the future you would expect to get

757
00:32:21,450 --> 00:32:18,790
something very similar to what's

758
00:32:24,660 --> 00:32:21,460
commonly described in these reports of

759
00:32:28,650 --> 00:32:24,670
Close Encounters Wow well I just found

760
00:32:30,690 --> 00:32:28,660
out that we are we are on break no cage

761
00:32:33,780 --> 00:32:30,700
here hey but that's okay where this is

762
00:32:35,550 --> 00:32:33,790
that was moot no no that's okay

763
00:32:37,550 --> 00:32:35,560
it's all gonna be on YouTube and on my

764
00:32:41,260 --> 00:32:37,560
podcast so it's all good it's all good

765
00:32:44,590 --> 00:32:41,270
so but we're going back in about

766
00:32:46,780 --> 00:32:44,600
a half a minute from now so we won't

767
00:32:48,430 --> 00:32:46,790
we'll just we'll just continue on with

768
00:32:50,020 --> 00:32:48,440
the conversation that's all we can do at

769
00:32:53,020 --> 00:32:50,030
this point because I I wasn't prepared

770
00:32:54,820 --> 00:32:53,030
for that so I'll try to work some of

771
00:32:56,560 --> 00:32:54,830
that back in at some points I do think

772
00:32:59,530 --> 00:32:56,570
it's important to understanding the

773
00:33:03,520 --> 00:32:59,540
argument yeah and and the the holistic

774
00:33:05,710 --> 00:33:03,530
aspects of the argument yeah okay so I'm

775
00:33:09,670 --> 00:33:05,720
just gonna break here for just a second

776
00:33:17,590 --> 00:33:09,680
race you want to con us back in race you

777
00:33:23,550 --> 00:33:17,600
there okay we're ready to go

778
00:33:26,500 --> 00:33:23,560
yeah we're ready five four three two all

779
00:33:30,370 --> 00:33:26,510
right welcome back my guest is dr.

780
00:33:35,500 --> 00:33:30,380
Michael masters and during the break we

781
00:33:38,170 --> 00:33:35,510
were talking about how the evolution is

782
00:33:40,930 --> 00:33:38,180
possible and can kind of just go since

783
00:33:43,450 --> 00:33:40,940
um since we didn't realize we were on a

784
00:33:45,070 --> 00:33:43,460
break here I want to repeat the same

785
00:33:46,600 --> 00:33:45,080
thing right over again but can you kind

786
00:33:48,490 --> 00:33:46,610
of give like a nutshell of what you were

787
00:33:51,040 --> 00:33:48,500
saying just so to catch the people up

788
00:33:54,310 --> 00:33:51,050
over there at kgr a radio yeah nope no

789
00:33:56,320 --> 00:33:54,320
problem and in in instructing and being

790
00:33:58,810 --> 00:33:56,330
a professor we have to give cliff notes

791
00:34:01,150 --> 00:33:58,820
versions of things all the time so yeah

792
00:34:03,370 --> 00:34:01,160
the bottom line is the after we stood up

793
00:34:05,650 --> 00:34:03,380
right after we became bipedal about six

794
00:34:08,380 --> 00:34:05,660
to eight million years ago one of the

795
00:34:09,850 --> 00:34:08,390
main changes that results from that and

796
00:34:11,740 --> 00:34:09,860
I actually didn't mention this in the

797
00:34:13,720 --> 00:34:11,750
break so it adds new content to what was

798
00:34:15,550 --> 00:34:13,730
just mentioned is that our heads have to

799
00:34:18,550 --> 00:34:15,560
rotate down in order to see where we're

800
00:34:20,050 --> 00:34:18,560
going our heads have to come forward to

801
00:34:22,660 --> 00:34:20,060
keep our eyes in line with the horizon

802
00:34:25,420 --> 00:34:22,670
and quadrupedal animals don't have that

803
00:34:27,400 --> 00:34:25,430
requirement hmm so we stood upright our

804
00:34:29,740 --> 00:34:27,410
heads rotate it down and that created a

805
00:34:31,570 --> 00:34:29,750
flexing of our cranial base so the

806
00:34:33,820 --> 00:34:31,580
anterior cranial base that area where

807
00:34:36,520 --> 00:34:33,830
the forebrain sits right on top of the

808
00:34:38,740 --> 00:34:36,530
eye orbits came down and the foramen

809
00:34:40,450 --> 00:34:38,750
magnum the big hole where our spinal

810
00:34:42,730 --> 00:34:40,460
cord passes to connect with our brain

811
00:34:44,740 --> 00:34:42,740
rotated downward and forward in

812
00:34:46,870 --> 00:34:44,750
association with their heads rotating

813
00:34:49,930 --> 00:34:46,880
down and that really more than anything

814
00:34:51,610 --> 00:34:49,940
else is a big part of why we grew such

815
00:34:53,230 --> 00:34:51,620
large brains in the first place that

816
00:34:55,180 --> 00:34:53,240
created what's called cranial flexing

817
00:34:57,099 --> 00:34:55,190
you can think of bending two ends of a

818
00:34:59,530 --> 00:34:57,109
slinky down toward each other it creates

819
00:35:01,180 --> 00:34:59,540
this bowing on the top and this more

820
00:35:03,130 --> 00:35:01,190
bulbous characteristic that is

821
00:35:06,460 --> 00:35:03,140
essentially what our brains look like so

822
00:35:08,829 --> 00:35:06,470
beyond any of the other changes that

823
00:35:10,930 --> 00:35:08,839
took place in hominid evolution really

824
00:35:12,760 --> 00:35:10,940
just standing upright was a big catalyst

825
00:35:15,130 --> 00:35:12,770
for the development of these larger

826
00:35:16,990 --> 00:35:15,140
brains more retracted faces more

827
00:35:19,240 --> 00:35:17,000
intelligence you certainly have to add

828
00:35:21,609 --> 00:35:19,250
to that the free use of our hands we're

829
00:35:23,380 --> 00:35:21,619
not using our our arms and our hands to

830
00:35:25,359 --> 00:35:23,390
walk around anymore rather we can use

831
00:35:27,910 --> 00:35:25,369
them to make tools and and to

832
00:35:29,829 --> 00:35:27,920
communicate and to do things that we

833
00:35:32,309 --> 00:35:29,839
couldn't do if they're burdened with

834
00:35:34,780 --> 00:35:32,319
locomotion so really standing upright

835
00:35:37,569 --> 00:35:34,790
set in motion a number of important

836
00:35:41,380 --> 00:35:37,579
changes that really contributed to the

837
00:35:43,359 --> 00:35:41,390
uniqueness of modern humans and a lot of

838
00:35:45,940 --> 00:35:43,369
the unique traits of our ancestors as

839
00:35:48,250 --> 00:35:45,950
well now I know I understand I've read

840
00:35:50,530 --> 00:35:48,260
quite a bit just from my own interest

841
00:35:52,660 --> 00:35:50,540
and you know Neanderthals and now

842
00:35:53,980 --> 00:35:52,670
they're you know with recent discoveries

843
00:35:55,960 --> 00:35:53,990
they they believed that they were

844
00:35:59,710 --> 00:35:55,970
actually cooking with fire which is

845
00:36:02,530 --> 00:35:59,720
pretty amazing and oh not it echoes way

846
00:36:05,109 --> 00:36:02,540
back at 1.8 million years ago you see

847
00:36:07,950 --> 00:36:05,119
the first step and then although erectus

848
00:36:11,079 --> 00:36:07,960
oh wow and that also adds to

849
00:36:12,880 --> 00:36:11,089
intelligence too right absolutely yeah

850
00:36:15,099 --> 00:36:12,890
and and the trade-off I was mentioning

851
00:36:17,410 --> 00:36:15,109
between our brain size and our facial

852
00:36:19,569 --> 00:36:17,420
size our face had to get out of the way

853
00:36:23,380 --> 00:36:19,579
of our expanding brains and by cooking

854
00:36:25,540 --> 00:36:23,390
our food it it it helped with a number

855
00:36:27,640 --> 00:36:25,550
of things that made the food safer to

856
00:36:30,339 --> 00:36:27,650
eat it cooked off bacteria and parasites

857
00:36:32,500 --> 00:36:30,349
and viruses and things but it also

858
00:36:35,380 --> 00:36:32,510
reduced selective pressure to maintain

859
00:36:37,809 --> 00:36:35,390
big teeth and a big chewing apparatus or

860
00:36:41,050 --> 00:36:37,819
mastication masticatory muscles as we

861
00:36:44,680 --> 00:36:41,060
call them so so it allowed a reduction

862
00:36:46,540 --> 00:36:44,690
in the face because of culture that that

863
00:36:48,400 --> 00:36:46,550
allowed the brain to continue expanding

864
00:36:50,589 --> 00:36:48,410
and that's why in anthropology we talk

865
00:36:51,849 --> 00:36:50,599
about bio cultural evolution we can't

866
00:36:54,370 --> 00:36:51,859
really separate those there's many

867
00:36:56,589 --> 00:36:54,380
things about our physiology that there

868
00:36:58,510 --> 00:36:56,599
that are the direct result of our

869
00:37:00,940 --> 00:36:58,520
culture and many things in our culture

870
00:37:03,069 --> 00:37:00,950
that are influenced by our biology so we

871
00:37:05,530 --> 00:37:03,079
really look at them as the synergy this

872
00:37:08,290 --> 00:37:05,540
relationship that's that's inseparable

873
00:37:09,130 --> 00:37:08,300
and looking at the the long history of

874
00:37:14,410 --> 00:37:09,140
human evolution

875
00:37:16,480 --> 00:37:14,420
on this planet well modern humans now

876
00:37:18,880 --> 00:37:16,490
that's always baffled me because you

877
00:37:21,009 --> 00:37:18,890
know they say modern humans have doesn't

878
00:37:24,279 --> 00:37:21,019
it appear that they've been around that

879
00:37:27,099 --> 00:37:24,289
long and as far as it's in the hundreds

880
00:37:31,000 --> 00:37:27,109
of thousands of years and it's it's just

881
00:37:33,849 --> 00:37:31,010
baffling to me where do you where do you

882
00:37:35,470 --> 00:37:33,859
I think I read somewhere in some of your

883
00:37:37,000 --> 00:37:35,480
literature or whatever there's no such

884
00:37:39,400 --> 00:37:37,010
thing as a missing link anymore

885
00:37:41,019 --> 00:37:39,410
so do you want to you want to tackle

886
00:37:41,529 --> 00:37:41,029
that a little you know talk about that a

887
00:37:44,319 --> 00:37:41,539
little bit

888
00:37:46,589 --> 00:37:44,329
yeah if somebody says something about a

889
00:37:50,620 --> 00:37:46,599
missing link that's an instant red flag

890
00:37:54,250 --> 00:37:50,630
that it's sort of an archaic idea mostly

891
00:37:55,599 --> 00:37:54,260
an attempt to refute evolutionary change

892
00:37:57,430 --> 00:37:55,609
or human evolutionary change

893
00:38:00,720 --> 00:37:57,440
specifically but no at this point we

894
00:38:03,700 --> 00:38:00,730
have a very very good understanding of

895
00:38:05,349 --> 00:38:03,710
our evolutionary history as I mentioned

896
00:38:07,059 --> 00:38:05,359
going back to that time when we first

897
00:38:08,890 --> 00:38:07,069
started walking upright about six to

898
00:38:11,920 --> 00:38:08,900
eight million years ago and a big part

899
00:38:14,529 --> 00:38:11,930
of my research is looking at those

900
00:38:16,359 --> 00:38:14,539
evolutionary changes and there are

901
00:38:19,749 --> 00:38:16,369
places where there's not as much

902
00:38:22,480 --> 00:38:19,759
information beginning with our own genus

903
00:38:24,759 --> 00:38:22,490
Homo habilis is one of the best examples

904
00:38:26,589 --> 00:38:24,769
we have a number of skulls and bones and

905
00:38:27,849 --> 00:38:26,599
there were some of the first used stone

906
00:38:30,549 --> 00:38:27,859
tools so we have a lot of information

907
00:38:32,980 --> 00:38:30,559
but it's all relative but there is no

908
00:38:35,289 --> 00:38:32,990
point that we just don't know what was

909
00:38:38,319 --> 00:38:35,299
going on and and I think a big part of

910
00:38:41,950 --> 00:38:38,329
that comes down to for some people it's

911
00:38:44,319 --> 00:38:41,960
a desire to not understand it or to try

912
00:38:46,779 --> 00:38:44,329
to find some reason to criticize it even

913
00:38:48,789 --> 00:38:46,789
though that's it's an outdated idea but

914
00:38:51,849 --> 00:38:48,799
it's also that that there's a disconnect

915
00:38:53,559 --> 00:38:51,859
between what we do as scientists and

916
00:38:55,779 --> 00:38:53,569
where we publish and then what is

917
00:38:58,029 --> 00:38:55,789
released in more mainstream media

918
00:39:00,670 --> 00:38:58,039
outlets and that's just an aspect of

919
00:39:03,700 --> 00:39:00,680
science in generals that we write for

920
00:39:05,529 --> 00:39:03,710
each other the vast majority of time in

921
00:39:07,829 --> 00:39:05,539
order to communicate new things new

922
00:39:10,450 --> 00:39:07,839
discoveries to have really detailed

923
00:39:11,799 --> 00:39:10,460
arguments about the morphology of this

924
00:39:13,269 --> 00:39:11,809
hominin and how it fits in with these

925
00:39:15,370 --> 00:39:13,279
other ones and should it be a different

926
00:39:17,859 --> 00:39:15,380
species or classified as the same

927
00:39:19,720 --> 00:39:17,869
species but the general public is left

928
00:39:21,839 --> 00:39:19,730
out of that conversation because it's

929
00:39:22,900 --> 00:39:21,849
very esoteric and it's it's complicated

930
00:39:25,210 --> 00:39:22,910
speed

931
00:39:27,430 --> 00:39:25,220
but but you do have stories come out

932
00:39:29,980 --> 00:39:27,440
there's big fines and and one thing I

933
00:39:32,650 --> 00:39:29,990
try to do with this book is is to really

934
00:39:35,470 --> 00:39:32,660
explain things in understandable terms

935
00:39:40,630 --> 00:39:35,480
and and to present not just an argument

936
00:39:43,299 --> 00:39:40,640
about what or who rather these aliens

937
00:39:45,430 --> 00:39:43,309
might be these extraterrestrials but

938
00:39:47,859 --> 00:39:45,440
also to really give people a deep

939
00:39:49,569 --> 00:39:47,869
understanding of human origins and of

940
00:39:52,240 --> 00:39:49,579
human evolution and of cultural

941
00:39:54,730 --> 00:39:52,250
evolution and what things really got us

942
00:39:56,109 --> 00:39:54,740
to where we are today and and tie it

943
00:39:58,029 --> 00:39:56,119
into all of this but it would be

944
00:40:00,700 --> 00:39:58,039
impossible to read this book I think and

945
00:40:04,359 --> 00:40:00,710
to walk away without a much deeper

946
00:40:06,099 --> 00:40:04,369
knowledge of anthropology astrobiology

947
00:40:09,279 --> 00:40:06,109
astronomy and physics because I really

948
00:40:12,400 --> 00:40:09,289
try to to do a science communication

949
00:40:15,430 --> 00:40:12,410
thing and really could convey in real

950
00:40:16,960 --> 00:40:15,440
understandable terms what we can learn

951
00:40:19,480 --> 00:40:16,970
from each of these fields and how it

952
00:40:22,150 --> 00:40:19,490
applies to this UFO phenomenon hmm

953
00:40:23,950 --> 00:40:22,160
I remember reading something in a

954
00:40:26,140 --> 00:40:23,960
dentist office I was something an

955
00:40:28,329 --> 00:40:26,150
article I I forget what magazine it was

956
00:40:30,970 --> 00:40:28,339
in but it was saying that you know they

957
00:40:32,380 --> 00:40:30,980
think within you know I forget about a

958
00:40:35,589 --> 00:40:32,390
thousand years or something like that

959
00:40:37,660 --> 00:40:35,599
that most people will have more of a

960
00:40:40,329 --> 00:40:37,670
darker complexion and you know dark hair

961
00:40:43,420 --> 00:40:40,339
and all that what what would be the

962
00:40:45,789 --> 00:40:43,430
basis of you know I don't know if you've

963
00:40:49,029 --> 00:40:45,799
ever heard that as well but what would

964
00:40:51,609 --> 00:40:49,039
be the basis for thoughts of that I mean

965
00:40:54,700 --> 00:40:51,619
how can someone judge where we're

966
00:40:58,170 --> 00:40:54,710
heading or is it just by the subtle

967
00:41:00,940 --> 00:40:58,180
things that have repeated in the past

968
00:41:03,309 --> 00:41:00,950
yeah that's that's a sticky wicket

969
00:41:05,980 --> 00:41:03,319
really I I try to stay away from those

970
00:41:07,450 --> 00:41:05,990
types of conjectures in my own research

971
00:41:09,880 --> 00:41:07,460
because there really is no way to know

972
00:41:13,349 --> 00:41:09,890
it so many little things like that

973
00:41:15,849 --> 00:41:13,359
especially stature height weight

974
00:41:17,710 --> 00:41:15,859
different characteristics that are

975
00:41:19,930 --> 00:41:17,720
already so variable among humans like

976
00:41:21,819 --> 00:41:19,940
skin color and that have a long

977
00:41:24,339 --> 00:41:21,829
evolutionary history associated with

978
00:41:27,370 --> 00:41:24,349
them those tend to also respond to

979
00:41:28,900 --> 00:41:27,380
environmental variables and without

980
00:41:30,730 --> 00:41:28,910
knowing what those environmental

981
00:41:33,339 --> 00:41:30,740
variables are going to be in the

982
00:41:36,930 --> 00:41:33,349
proximate or distant future it's much

983
00:41:38,880 --> 00:41:36,940
harder to say what those traits would be

984
00:41:40,950 --> 00:41:38,890
would look like I touch on them a little

985
00:41:43,170 --> 00:41:40,960
bit in the book in the context of

986
00:41:46,710 --> 00:41:43,180
current cultural trends there is a

987
00:41:48,210 --> 00:41:46,720
tendency to whitewash a lot of people

988
00:41:50,010 --> 00:41:48,220
with darker skin try to lighten their

989
00:41:52,020 --> 00:41:50,020
skin but at the same time a lot of

990
00:41:53,580 --> 00:41:52,030
people with light skin spend a lot of

991
00:41:55,350 --> 00:41:53,590
money and a lot of time and put

992
00:41:57,510 --> 00:41:55,360
themselves at risk for skin cancer and

993
00:41:59,520 --> 00:41:57,520
trying to darken their skin too so

994
00:42:01,590 --> 00:41:59,530
there's a number of things that play

995
00:42:04,770 --> 00:42:01,600
into that issue of skin color

996
00:42:07,530 --> 00:42:04,780
I do talk a little bit about the self

997
00:42:10,650 --> 00:42:07,540
domestication process and one of the

998
00:42:13,470 --> 00:42:10,660
things that happens as we domesticate

999
00:42:14,940 --> 00:42:13,480
other animals and and as we domesticate

1000
00:42:16,500 --> 00:42:14,950
ourselves because beginning with

1001
00:42:19,140 --> 00:42:16,510
agriculture we've started domesticating

1002
00:42:21,930 --> 00:42:19,150
ourselves as well is that you have a

1003
00:42:23,850 --> 00:42:21,940
reduction in pigmentation and so in

1004
00:42:26,520 --> 00:42:23,860
looking at this commonly reported

1005
00:42:29,070 --> 00:42:26,530
characteristic and close encounters

1006
00:42:31,710 --> 00:42:29,080
where the bean was actually seen or an

1007
00:42:33,750 --> 00:42:31,720
individual was abducted they often

1008
00:42:36,210 --> 00:42:33,760
report a sort of grayish looking skin

1009
00:42:38,970 --> 00:42:36,220
and that that doesn't exist in humans we

1010
00:42:40,590 --> 00:42:38,980
don't have gray skin we have brown skin

1011
00:42:42,090 --> 00:42:40,600
and black skin and white skin and

1012
00:42:44,460 --> 00:42:42,100
everything in between and if you did

1013
00:42:47,550 --> 00:42:44,470
average out the skin tone of the whole

1014
00:42:49,080 --> 00:42:47,560
human population it would sort of be a

1015
00:42:50,640 --> 00:42:49,090
brownish color and that could

1016
00:42:52,920 --> 00:42:50,650
potentially be what they were talking

1017
00:42:55,410 --> 00:42:52,930
about and that article is more of an

1018
00:42:58,260 --> 00:42:55,420
averaging or homogeneous Asian of these

1019
00:43:02,070 --> 00:42:58,270
genes that code for skin color but but

1020
00:43:05,540 --> 00:43:02,080
even outside of that and domesticated

1021
00:43:08,510 --> 00:43:05,550
ourselves we may start to just reduce

1022
00:43:11,460 --> 00:43:08,520
pigmentation in general which over time

1023
00:43:14,130 --> 00:43:11,470
could potentially result and and those

1024
00:43:16,680 --> 00:43:14,140
characteristics of a greyish color skin

1025
00:43:19,320 --> 00:43:16,690
without all of the melanocytes firing

1026
00:43:21,690 --> 00:43:19,330
off melanin and creating the brown skin

1027
00:43:25,020 --> 00:43:21,700
color just a sort of a pale grayish

1028
00:43:27,270 --> 00:43:25,030
color that lacks pigmentation but but

1029
00:43:30,450 --> 00:43:27,280
again that's that's rooted in and things

1030
00:43:32,400 --> 00:43:30,460
we've already shown experimentally with

1031
00:43:34,500 --> 00:43:32,410
other animals so there's a little bit

1032
00:43:37,830 --> 00:43:34,510
more of a basis for arguments like that

1033
00:43:40,560 --> 00:43:37,840
rather than saying that that will will

1034
00:43:42,690 --> 00:43:40,570
have more sun or less ozone we can't

1035
00:43:44,130 --> 00:43:42,700
know those things for sure so I do try

1036
00:43:47,370 --> 00:43:44,140
to stay away from those as much as

1037
00:43:48,860 --> 00:43:47,380
possible in my own research now number

1038
00:43:50,190 --> 00:43:48,870
of things I've thought of over the years

1039
00:43:52,800 --> 00:43:50,200
or whatever

1040
00:43:55,800 --> 00:43:52,810
you know if we're we're a rare solar

1041
00:43:58,740 --> 00:43:55,810
system or we only have one son you know

1042
00:44:01,110 --> 00:43:58,750
most a lot of solar systems have you

1043
00:44:03,420 --> 00:44:01,120
know more than one son yeah there's all

1044
00:44:07,710 --> 00:44:03,430
these different things that play into

1045
00:44:10,890 --> 00:44:07,720
with how we evolved and so it's it's

1046
00:44:14,580 --> 00:44:10,900
always been curious to me to wonder how

1047
00:44:18,150 --> 00:44:14,590
something could evolve on another planet

1048
00:44:21,150 --> 00:44:18,160
the variables of oxygen or breathable

1049
00:44:23,960 --> 00:44:21,160
air or whatever it is they can learn to

1050
00:44:26,880 --> 00:44:23,970
breathe the weight of the planet gravity

1051
00:44:28,830 --> 00:44:26,890
and that's a major part in the

1052
00:44:30,660 --> 00:44:28,840
development of something something as

1053
00:44:32,910 --> 00:44:30,670
simple as a moon or not having a moon

1054
00:44:36,240 --> 00:44:32,920
with the tides and things like that are

1055
00:44:41,880 --> 00:44:36,250
all all stepping stones with to how we

1056
00:44:45,030 --> 00:44:41,890
got here and so is that just some of the

1057
00:44:46,790 --> 00:44:45,040
variables on an evolution and how we you

1058
00:44:49,200 --> 00:44:46,800
know crawled out of the water basically

1059
00:44:52,560 --> 00:44:49,210
yeah but those are certainly important

1060
00:44:55,980 --> 00:44:52,570
ones a binary star system would really

1061
00:44:57,920 --> 00:44:55,990
complicate the formation of life in

1062
00:45:01,530 --> 00:44:57,930
different ways it can certainly happen

1063
00:45:03,150 --> 00:45:01,540
but its evolutionary trajectory would

1064
00:45:05,130 --> 00:45:03,160
certainly be very different than our own

1065
00:45:07,710 --> 00:45:05,140
and and yeah you're right the chemistry

1066
00:45:10,020 --> 00:45:07,720
the climate the distance from the Sun

1067
00:45:12,930 --> 00:45:10,030
the amount of water the amount of ice

1068
00:45:14,280 --> 00:45:12,940
moon all of those things are important

1069
00:45:15,810 --> 00:45:14,290
I'm really glad you mentioned gravity

1070
00:45:19,830 --> 00:45:15,820
too because that's one that I talk about

1071
00:45:22,770 --> 00:45:19,840
a lot in the book is we we suffer a lot

1072
00:45:25,020 --> 00:45:22,780
of maladies associated with our upright

1073
00:45:27,750 --> 00:45:25,030
form of walking bipedal locomotion as we

1074
00:45:28,500 --> 00:45:27,760
call it and we're one of a few mammals

1075
00:45:30,900 --> 00:45:28,510
that does it

1076
00:45:33,180 --> 00:45:30,910
habitually most animals are quadrupedal

1077
00:45:35,670 --> 00:45:33,190
walking on all four so the fact that we

1078
00:45:38,270 --> 00:45:35,680
have things like like herniated discs

1079
00:45:41,430 --> 00:45:38,280
fractured discs blown out knees

1080
00:45:44,630 --> 00:45:41,440
hemorrhoids hernias just all kinds of

1081
00:45:46,980 --> 00:45:44,640
problems with our knees ankles hips

1082
00:45:49,170 --> 00:45:46,990
broken hips and older age with

1083
00:45:53,250 --> 00:45:49,180
osteoporosis all of these things

1084
00:45:56,820 --> 00:45:53,260
indicate that we are at the upper limit

1085
00:45:59,130 --> 00:45:56,830
of what a planet might be able to

1086
00:46:01,530 --> 00:45:59,140
sustain with regard to bipedalism and

1087
00:46:03,300 --> 00:46:01,540
and we're only at 9.8 meters per second

1088
00:46:04,140 --> 00:46:03,310
squared and an argument I make in the

1089
00:46:05,880 --> 00:46:04,150
book is that

1090
00:46:08,940 --> 00:46:05,890
most of the planets that have been found

1091
00:46:10,859 --> 00:46:08,950
as part of the Kepler mission are far

1092
00:46:14,640 --> 00:46:10,869
heavier than Earth I think only about

1093
00:46:17,299 --> 00:46:14,650
2.2 2.7 I forget the exact number but

1094
00:46:20,250 --> 00:46:17,309
somewhere under 3 percent of them are

1095
00:46:23,220 --> 00:46:20,260
much larger than Earth which would

1096
00:46:26,609 --> 00:46:23,230
really make it prohibitive for an

1097
00:46:28,529 --> 00:46:26,619
upright walking humanoid form to evolve

1098
00:46:31,710 --> 00:46:28,539
and a big part of what I was talking

1099
00:46:32,880 --> 00:46:31,720
about earlier but for Darien it gets a

1100
00:46:35,819 --> 00:46:32,890
little bit after the break

1101
00:46:38,700 --> 00:46:35,829
is that bipedalism was so important for

1102
00:46:40,079 --> 00:46:38,710
us becoming what we are today having the

1103
00:46:42,870 --> 00:46:40,089
ability to sit down and have these

1104
00:46:46,019 --> 00:46:42,880
conversations in different parts of the

1105
00:46:48,150 --> 00:46:46,029
country I can't see you you can't see me

1106
00:46:50,910 --> 00:46:48,160
I guess we can through Skype which also

1107
00:46:52,500 --> 00:46:50,920
is a testament to our success but but we

1108
00:46:55,950 --> 00:46:52,510
have all of these technologies and these

1109
00:46:59,099 --> 00:46:55,960
abilities that really are either

1110
00:47:01,529 --> 00:46:59,109
directly or indirectly the result of our

1111
00:47:04,980 --> 00:47:01,539
bipedalism so so in looking at all of

1112
00:47:07,950 --> 00:47:04,990
this this variability in size across

1113
00:47:09,539 --> 00:47:07,960
these different planets even taking out

1114
00:47:12,420 --> 00:47:09,549
of the equation the chemistry and the

1115
00:47:15,240 --> 00:47:12,430
climate and the binary or you know you

1116
00:47:17,700 --> 00:47:15,250
know one star systems we still aren't

1117
00:47:19,440 --> 00:47:17,710
likely to have bipedalism on those

1118
00:47:22,740 --> 00:47:19,450
planets and we aren't likely to have

1119
00:47:27,049 --> 00:47:22,750
this humanoid form so so even looking at

1120
00:47:30,289 --> 00:47:27,059
the other reports of mantis men and

1121
00:47:33,539 --> 00:47:30,299
insects like humanoids and reptilians

1122
00:47:35,640 --> 00:47:33,549
there they're still almost universally

1123
00:47:37,589 --> 00:47:35,650
universally described as being bipedal

1124
00:47:39,779 --> 00:47:37,599
and and that's just not something you

1125
00:47:43,250 --> 00:47:39,789
would expect to see based on the current

1126
00:47:45,890 --> 00:47:43,260
data coming out of of the Kepler mission

1127
00:47:48,690 --> 00:47:45,900
interesting never would think of that

1128
00:47:50,609 --> 00:47:48,700
and I know we're going to get into all

1129
00:47:53,640 --> 00:47:50,619
of that topic we're coming up in about

1130
00:47:57,839 --> 00:47:53,650
seven minutes on the next break and so

1131
00:48:00,480 --> 00:47:57,849
is evolution I mean that this has always

1132
00:48:03,299 --> 00:48:00,490
been kind of fascinating to me it's very

1133
00:48:06,269 --> 00:48:03,309
very slow it seems to be very very slow

1134
00:48:09,960 --> 00:48:06,279
I know you know if it done they've done

1135
00:48:11,190 --> 00:48:09,970
studies and like the Galapagos Islands

1136
00:48:14,849 --> 00:48:11,200
the different islands the same bird

1137
00:48:16,200 --> 00:48:14,859
changed with a lot of it had to do with

1138
00:48:20,970 --> 00:48:16,210
the food and and

1139
00:48:24,359 --> 00:48:20,980
and all that but how slow is first of

1140
00:48:28,109 --> 00:48:24,369
all is part of evolution can part of

1141
00:48:30,690 --> 00:48:28,119
evolution be a freak of nature like you

1142
00:48:34,010 --> 00:48:30,700
know someone that is all of a sudden

1143
00:48:36,630 --> 00:48:34,020
born differently and then they you know

1144
00:48:37,950 --> 00:48:36,640
proceed to have children and that that

1145
00:48:41,190 --> 00:48:37,960
change happens like that or is it just

1146
00:48:43,740 --> 00:48:41,200
very very always known to be extremely

1147
00:48:45,839 --> 00:48:43,750
slow and very subtle how does that work

1148
00:48:49,380 --> 00:48:45,849
well it really depends on the

1149
00:48:51,510 --> 00:48:49,390
reproductive time of the organism so one

1150
00:48:53,970 --> 00:48:51,520
of the reasons why we're constantly

1151
00:48:56,700 --> 00:48:53,980
having to develop new drugs to combat

1152
00:48:58,589 --> 00:48:56,710
diseases that we've evolved with over

1153
00:49:01,500 --> 00:48:58,599
many millennia is because they evolved

1154
00:49:04,020 --> 00:49:01,510
much faster than we do so if you have

1155
00:49:06,000 --> 00:49:04,030
for instance influenza is a good example

1156
00:49:08,609 --> 00:49:06,010
because each year we have to identify

1157
00:49:10,589 --> 00:49:08,619
which strain of influenza is going to be

1158
00:49:12,870 --> 00:49:10,599
the dominant one sometimes they get it

1159
00:49:14,609 --> 00:49:12,880
wrong as it turns out and then we have a

1160
00:49:17,550 --> 00:49:14,619
different strain and the vaccine is

1161
00:49:19,140 --> 00:49:17,560
completely useless but well what we

1162
00:49:21,630 --> 00:49:19,150
would the reason we have to do that is

1163
00:49:23,250 --> 00:49:21,640
because it's constantly evolving it's

1164
00:49:26,609 --> 00:49:23,260
evolving very very quickly because

1165
00:49:30,329 --> 00:49:26,619
viruses evolve very rapidly you take a

1166
00:49:33,180 --> 00:49:30,339
petri dish and subjects bacteria to

1167
00:49:37,859 --> 00:49:33,190
these strong environmental conditions

1168
00:49:39,329 --> 00:49:37,869
you add radiation or a lot of solvents

1169
00:49:42,540 --> 00:49:39,339
and and they're going to evolve very

1170
00:49:44,490 --> 00:49:42,550
quickly we've created many really

1171
00:49:48,660 --> 00:49:44,500
interesting forms of Drosophila fruit

1172
00:49:50,849 --> 00:49:48,670
flies a lot of our early genetics data

1173
00:49:52,560 --> 00:49:50,859
and an understanding of the double helix

1174
00:49:54,690 --> 00:49:52,570
came from research that was done with

1175
00:49:56,089 --> 00:49:54,700
these fruit flies and the main reason is

1176
00:49:58,320 --> 00:49:56,099
because they have a very rapid

1177
00:50:00,390 --> 00:49:58,330
reproductive cycle they don't live very

1178
00:50:02,280 --> 00:50:00,400
long they reproduce I think it's just a

1179
00:50:04,800 --> 00:50:02,290
couple of days or something like that so

1180
00:50:09,630 --> 00:50:04,810
those organisms evolve very quickly us

1181
00:50:12,630 --> 00:50:09,640
with with it taking until puberty age

1182
00:50:14,790 --> 00:50:12,640
1213 and in modern times we typically

1183
00:50:17,160 --> 00:50:14,800
wait even longer to reproduce it is a

1184
00:50:20,250 --> 00:50:17,170
much slower process as seen by us

1185
00:50:22,410 --> 00:50:20,260
obviously you know if you asked a sloth

1186
00:50:24,480 --> 00:50:22,420
or a tortoise they'd probably think we

1187
00:50:26,040 --> 00:50:24,490
look like the Drosophila and if you

1188
00:50:28,170 --> 00:50:26,050
asked her softly they think it was

1189
00:50:30,030 --> 00:50:28,180
incredibly slow and they'd be dead

1190
00:50:31,920 --> 00:50:30,040
before they even finished that thought

1191
00:50:33,810 --> 00:50:31,930
because they are born and died so

1192
00:50:35,820 --> 00:50:33,820
quickly but but it really just comes

1193
00:50:37,850 --> 00:50:35,830
down to the organism and also the

1194
00:50:41,670 --> 00:50:37,860
environment like I mentioned if you were

1195
00:50:44,580 --> 00:50:41,680
subjecting those organisms to a very

1196
00:50:47,100 --> 00:50:44,590
strong selective pressure they're going

1197
00:50:49,020 --> 00:50:47,110
to evolve very quickly so it's both both

1198
00:50:53,010 --> 00:50:49,030
of those things and yeah as you point

1199
00:50:55,310 --> 00:50:53,020
out those freaks of nature mostly result

1200
00:50:59,700 --> 00:50:55,320
from mutations and if there's a mutation

1201
00:51:01,560 --> 00:50:59,710
that's beneficial and that individual is

1202
00:51:02,880 --> 00:51:01,570
able to make more babies relative to

1203
00:51:04,710 --> 00:51:02,890
other individuals that don't have that

1204
00:51:06,480 --> 00:51:04,720
mutation and then there are offspring

1205
00:51:08,220 --> 00:51:06,490
also have it and they make more babies

1206
00:51:09,510 --> 00:51:08,230
you're very quickly going to see that

1207
00:51:12,810 --> 00:51:09,520
trait spread throughout the population

1208
00:51:14,940 --> 00:51:12,820
and over subsequent generations if that

1209
00:51:16,980 --> 00:51:14,950
traits a negative characteristic and

1210
00:51:19,500 --> 00:51:16,990
especially if it kills that individual

1211
00:51:21,900 --> 00:51:19,510
before reproductive age it's not going

1212
00:51:24,090 --> 00:51:21,910
to show up anywhere it dies with that

1213
00:51:25,890 --> 00:51:24,100
individual so yeah those freaks of

1214
00:51:27,720 --> 00:51:25,900
nature those random things that happen

1215
00:51:29,130 --> 00:51:27,730
are really an important part of

1216
00:51:32,040 --> 00:51:29,140
evolution and understanding the

1217
00:51:34,290 --> 00:51:32,050
evolutionary process mm-hmm now I know

1218
00:51:37,350 --> 00:51:34,300
that you know the life spans have

1219
00:51:39,150 --> 00:51:37,360
changed dramatically you know even over

1220
00:51:42,570 --> 00:51:39,160
the last four or four hundred years you

1221
00:51:45,750 --> 00:51:42,580
know I mean you think of the 30s were

1222
00:51:48,660 --> 00:51:45,760
the average age of a you know due to all

1223
00:51:51,900 --> 00:51:48,670
different types of reasons and so and

1224
00:51:54,720 --> 00:51:51,910
like you said you know the children were

1225
00:51:57,300 --> 00:51:54,730
I mean basically there were there was

1226
00:52:01,380 --> 00:51:57,310
childbirth at you know 14 12 and you

1227
00:52:05,880 --> 00:52:01,390
know all the way so but other than I

1228
00:52:09,540 --> 00:52:05,890
know that you know like I've seen armor

1229
00:52:11,580 --> 00:52:09,550
from knights from you know the 1500s and

1230
00:52:15,060 --> 00:52:11,590
Middle Ages or whatever and they're very

1231
00:52:17,790 --> 00:52:15,070
small you know I mean very short and for

1232
00:52:20,130 --> 00:52:17,800
the most part but other than height and

1233
00:52:23,100 --> 00:52:20,140
things like that have we been able to

1234
00:52:24,860 --> 00:52:23,110
record in human you know recorded human

1235
00:52:29,640 --> 00:52:24,870
history any type of changes in

1236
00:52:30,270 --> 00:52:29,650
development of our species well yeah

1237
00:52:32,160 --> 00:52:30,280
absolutely

1238
00:52:34,590 --> 00:52:32,170
I know we're coming up on a break so

1239
00:52:37,710 --> 00:52:34,600
okay you put pretty short but but yeah

1240
00:52:40,050 --> 00:52:37,720
you're right Heights diachronic thing

1241
00:52:41,700 --> 00:52:40,060
and you can easily see whenever there's

1242
00:52:43,200 --> 00:52:41,710
at one of the first studies I worked on

1243
00:52:43,800 --> 00:52:43,210
in grad school looked at this whenever

1244
00:52:46,500 --> 00:52:43,810
you ever

1245
00:52:48,690 --> 00:52:46,510
session or a depression or a war height

1246
00:52:50,790 --> 00:52:48,700
drops tremendously and it starts to come

1247
00:52:52,260 --> 00:52:50,800
back up ya know it's very it's one of

1248
00:52:54,810 --> 00:52:52,270
the main variables we use in bio

1249
00:52:57,600 --> 00:52:54,820
archaeological analyses when we dig up

1250
00:52:59,670 --> 00:52:57,610
past cemeteries we there's a big study

1251
00:53:01,590 --> 00:52:59,680
though I have a state that looked at pre

1252
00:53:04,380 --> 00:53:01,600
agricultural and post agricultural

1253
00:53:06,140 --> 00:53:04,390
populations and just after agriculture

1254
00:53:08,760 --> 00:53:06,150
that same thing happened our health

1255
00:53:11,130 --> 00:53:08,770
deteriorated we started having all kinds

1256
00:53:13,320 --> 00:53:11,140
of new problems diseases but one of the

1257
00:53:15,390 --> 00:53:13,330
biggest indicators is our size or height

1258
00:53:16,770 --> 00:53:15,400
decrease tremendously as it did with

1259
00:53:19,410 --> 00:53:16,780
other animals that we were trying to

1260
00:53:22,320 --> 00:53:19,420
domesticate so yeah there's there's

1261
00:53:23,850 --> 00:53:22,330
quite a few of those malaria is an

1262
00:53:27,150 --> 00:53:23,860
important one another biocultural

1263
00:53:30,000 --> 00:53:27,160
example where we started to live in

1264
00:53:31,980 --> 00:53:30,010
places with standing pools of water and

1265
00:53:35,130 --> 00:53:31,990
without the trees that other animals

1266
00:53:37,440 --> 00:53:35,140
inhabit and we started to evolve

1267
00:53:40,170 --> 00:53:37,450
sickle-cell alleles sickle-cell anemia

1268
00:53:42,000 --> 00:53:40,180
which in itself is a negative thing but

1269
00:53:44,370 --> 00:53:42,010
in a malarial environment it actually

1270
00:53:47,010 --> 00:53:44,380
protects you against malaria so there's

1271
00:53:48,930 --> 00:53:47,020
there's quite a few changes like that

1272
00:53:50,250 --> 00:53:48,940
and I mentioned a number of them in the

1273
00:53:52,920 --> 00:53:50,260
book that are associated with more

1274
00:53:55,440 --> 00:53:52,930
recent evolutionary changes things that

1275
00:53:57,900 --> 00:53:55,450
you can identify that have happened in

1276
00:54:00,420 --> 00:53:57,910
very recent human history I wonder if

1277
00:54:03,270 --> 00:54:00,430
we're going to I was in a cafe yesterday

1278
00:54:06,360 --> 00:54:03,280
and I happen to look out and the whole

1279
00:54:08,670 --> 00:54:06,370
entire cafe everyone in that cafe was

1280
00:54:10,710 --> 00:54:08,680
looking down at their phone every single

1281
00:54:13,080 --> 00:54:10,720
person and I think if we're gonna

1282
00:54:16,850 --> 00:54:13,090
develop somehow if our bodies are going

1283
00:54:19,140 --> 00:54:16,860
to develop to change with a cell phone

1284
00:54:20,550 --> 00:54:19,150
we're right under the break so we're

1285
00:54:23,640 --> 00:54:20,560
gonna come back right after these

1286
00:54:29,610 --> 00:54:23,650
messages everyone hang in there we'll be

1287
00:54:31,740 --> 00:54:29,620
back in just a few minutes alrighty

1288
00:54:34,770 --> 00:54:31,750
welcome back this is Martin Willis with

1289
00:54:36,690 --> 00:54:34,780
podcast UFO and my guest is dr. Michael

1290
00:54:38,220 --> 00:54:36,700
P masters and we're having a very

1291
00:54:41,520 --> 00:54:38,230
interesting conversation we haven't

1292
00:54:45,180 --> 00:54:41,530
really got into what these things

1293
00:54:47,910 --> 00:54:45,190
possibly are yet and I'm heading that

1294
00:54:49,650 --> 00:54:47,920
way just to let you know if you're the

1295
00:54:53,550 --> 00:54:49,660
listener we're gonna take calls in about

1296
00:54:56,850 --> 00:54:53,560
a half an hour so from now so that

1297
00:54:57,910 --> 00:54:56,860
number is going to be the same as always

1298
00:55:01,809 --> 00:54:57,920
next

1299
00:55:03,190 --> 00:55:01,819
we should have a call screening set in

1300
00:55:05,829 --> 00:55:03,200
place with a different phone number that

1301
00:55:08,049 --> 00:55:05,839
number will be announced and I did want

1302
00:55:10,630 --> 00:55:08,059
to tell the listener that if anyone

1303
00:55:15,039 --> 00:55:10,640
wants to jump over at the the

1304
00:55:18,249 --> 00:55:15,049
International UFO Congress website

1305
00:55:21,059 --> 00:55:18,259
that's UFO Congress calm there is a code

1306
00:55:28,150 --> 00:55:21,069
you can put in there that's I you f Oh

1307
00:55:30,549 --> 00:55:28,160
see that's I you F Oh see that's like a

1308
00:55:32,890 --> 00:55:30,559
UFO with an eye in front of it and a C

1309
00:55:35,019 --> 00:55:32,900
after it and put in that code and you'll

1310
00:55:38,589 --> 00:55:35,029
get $30 off if you want to get a ticket

1311
00:55:40,269 --> 00:55:38,599
for the International UFO Congress

1312
00:55:42,370 --> 00:55:40,279
coming up this September I can't wait

1313
00:55:45,420 --> 00:55:42,380
I'll be there as usual and it'll be a

1314
00:55:48,579 --> 00:55:45,430
lot of fun and so well our guest dr.

1315
00:55:50,349 --> 00:55:48,589
Michael masters will be there yeah like

1316
00:55:50,849 --> 00:55:50,359
that will be really nice to meet you in

1317
00:55:52,720 --> 00:55:50,859
person

1318
00:55:53,890 --> 00:55:52,730
absolutely I'm really looking forward to

1319
00:55:55,779 --> 00:55:53,900
that thing it's gonna be a really great

1320
00:55:58,329 --> 00:55:55,789
event I'd also like to mention that I

1321
00:56:00,910 --> 00:55:58,339
thought Alejandro's news segment was

1322
00:56:03,309 --> 00:56:00,920
tremendously fascinating really

1323
00:56:04,059 --> 00:56:03,319
informative and yeah that was so super

1324
00:56:05,859 --> 00:56:04,069
fun to listen to

1325
00:56:08,890 --> 00:56:05,869
oh that's great I'm glad I'll give him

1326
00:56:10,630 --> 00:56:08,900
that feedback yeah he does he's you know

1327
00:56:13,210 --> 00:56:10,640
there's not too many people in the topic

1328
00:56:17,979 --> 00:56:13,220
as deeply as he is and yeah that's a lot

1329
00:56:21,450 --> 00:56:17,989
of fun he's a good guy oh yeah so the we

1330
00:56:24,039 --> 00:56:21,460
haven't really touched on the possible

1331
00:56:25,779 --> 00:56:24,049
things that people are seeing possibly

1332
00:56:28,150 --> 00:56:25,789
time-travels yeah we're going to get

1333
00:56:32,289 --> 00:56:28,160
into that some more about a couple more

1334
00:56:35,049 --> 00:56:32,299
questions I had for you is you have

1335
00:56:37,829 --> 00:56:35,059
heard what people have described as what

1336
00:56:40,359 --> 00:56:37,839
they are seeing in these abduction

1337
00:56:42,700 --> 00:56:40,369
sequences you mentioned the greys that's

1338
00:56:44,920 --> 00:56:42,710
a one typical there's a lot of different

1339
00:56:47,920 --> 00:56:44,930
ones that people are saying a different

1340
00:56:49,089 --> 00:56:47,930
species or whatever and you know and I'm

1341
00:56:51,249 --> 00:56:49,099
on the fence about all that stuff

1342
00:56:55,779 --> 00:56:51,259
because I I don't really know you know

1343
00:57:01,269 --> 00:56:55,789
but do you think that we are on the path

1344
00:57:02,769 --> 00:57:01,279
of evolution to head toward a species

1345
00:57:04,839 --> 00:57:02,779
with the characteristics that you're

1346
00:57:06,339 --> 00:57:04,849
seeing they always talk about the large

1347
00:57:08,710 --> 00:57:06,349
eyes he always talk about the little

1348
00:57:10,960 --> 00:57:08,720
slit for the mouth thin bodies small and

1349
00:57:11,980 --> 00:57:10,970
stature mostly

1350
00:57:13,920 --> 00:57:11,990
this is what a lot of people are

1351
00:57:16,530 --> 00:57:13,930
reporting I don't know if you've ever

1352
00:57:20,530 --> 00:57:16,540
listened to any of the aerial school

1353
00:57:22,300 --> 00:57:20,540
incident in South Africa but that you

1354
00:57:25,360 --> 00:57:22,310
know they describe very well on what

1355
00:57:29,260 --> 00:57:25,370
they saw and similar aspects but skin

1356
00:57:31,930 --> 00:57:29,270
like porcelain and you know just there's

1357
00:57:34,390 --> 00:57:31,940
been so many accounts do you so the

1358
00:57:37,060 --> 00:57:34,400
question I know I'm rambling here but do

1359
00:57:40,540 --> 00:57:37,070
you see like a trend of evolution going

1360
00:57:41,800 --> 00:57:40,550
in any of these directions slowly yeah

1361
00:57:44,170 --> 00:57:41,810
absolutely

1362
00:57:47,950 --> 00:57:44,180
that's really a big focus of the book I

1363
00:57:49,750 --> 00:57:47,960
think is to to really focus on what we

1364
00:57:52,510 --> 00:57:49,760
can know now and looking back our

1365
00:57:55,000 --> 00:57:52,520
evolutionary past we can see these

1366
00:57:57,370 --> 00:57:55,010
changes taking place and we have a very

1367
00:57:59,770 --> 00:57:57,380
good record of them and we have very

1368
00:58:02,620 --> 00:57:59,780
good means with which to study them

1369
00:58:05,590 --> 00:58:02,630
primarily through CT scans and endo

1370
00:58:08,110 --> 00:58:05,600
casts and an MRI which is something I've

1371
00:58:09,970 --> 00:58:08,120
used in my own research quite a lot and

1372
00:58:12,810 --> 00:58:09,980
yeah if you look at these evolutionary

1373
00:58:15,400 --> 00:58:12,820
changes in our own lineage here on earth

1374
00:58:18,310 --> 00:58:15,410
projecting those forward you would get

1375
00:58:21,070 --> 00:58:18,320
something very very similar to what is

1376
00:58:23,410 --> 00:58:21,080
so ubiquitously reported and these

1377
00:58:25,810 --> 00:58:23,420
accounts and and I break it down into

1378
00:58:28,330 --> 00:58:25,820
more concrete terms and talk about what

1379
00:58:30,550 --> 00:58:28,340
specifically has led to our brains

1380
00:58:34,330 --> 00:58:30,560
growing larger and our faces growing

1381
00:58:35,830 --> 00:58:34,340
smaller and even trying to address

1382
00:58:37,660 --> 00:58:35,840
things like telepathy

1383
00:58:40,120 --> 00:58:37,670
that's so commonly reported and what

1384
00:58:41,890 --> 00:58:40,130
what what might contribute to that over

1385
00:58:44,530 --> 00:58:41,900
evolutionary time and looking at modern

1386
00:58:46,180 --> 00:58:44,540
research into brain to brain interaction

1387
00:58:49,390 --> 00:58:46,190
and different evolutionary trends

1388
00:58:50,890 --> 00:58:49,400
related to the the reduction of our face

1389
00:58:53,410 --> 00:58:50,900
and how that it could impact

1390
00:58:58,620 --> 00:58:53,420
vocalization over the long term so so

1391
00:59:01,870 --> 00:58:58,630
yeah I very much took time to research

1392
00:59:03,730 --> 00:59:01,880
numerous abduction accounts and other

1393
00:59:06,790 --> 00:59:03,740
Close Encounters of the fourth and fifth

1394
00:59:08,620 --> 00:59:06,800
kind in which these beams were observed

1395
00:59:10,540 --> 00:59:08,630
or people claim to have observed them

1396
00:59:13,750 --> 00:59:10,550
and and like I tell people all the time

1397
00:59:17,350 --> 00:59:13,760
if they were consistently describing

1398
00:59:19,030 --> 00:59:17,360
some ten legged squid-like monster

1399
00:59:23,200 --> 00:59:19,040
creature I never would have written this

1400
00:59:24,880 --> 00:59:23,210
book but the fact that they so often so

1401
00:59:27,099 --> 00:59:24,890
consistently are described

1402
00:59:30,549 --> 00:59:27,109
as hominins I mean if you look at the

1403
00:59:33,549 --> 00:59:30,559
form of these organisms and the the

1404
00:59:35,979 --> 00:59:33,559
average say even taking into account the

1405
00:59:39,249 --> 00:59:35,989
reptile like insect like and but even if

1406
00:59:41,349 --> 00:59:39,259
you average them all out what you get is

1407
00:59:43,720 --> 00:59:41,359
something that if you put them next to

1408
00:59:46,450 --> 00:59:43,730
us and our hominoid relatives the

1409
00:59:49,059 --> 00:59:46,460
chimpanzees orangutans gorillas all of

1410
00:59:51,640 --> 00:59:49,069
the different primates there's no

1411
00:59:53,470 --> 00:59:51,650
question that they would be considered a

1412
00:59:55,239 --> 00:59:53,480
hominid they have all of the

1413
00:59:58,299 --> 00:59:55,249
characteristics that we have and like I

1414
01:00:01,539 --> 00:59:58,309
said earlier we fight a lot of help what

1415
01:00:03,849 --> 01:00:01,549
traits should be used to classify a

1416
01:00:06,249 --> 01:00:03,859
specific species or a specific genus

1417
01:00:08,710 --> 01:00:06,259
within our own human evolutionary

1418
01:00:10,690 --> 01:00:08,720
history but but looking at this this

1419
01:00:12,579 --> 01:00:10,700
form that so commonly reported and

1420
01:00:14,739 --> 01:00:12,589
described in these accounts there's

1421
01:00:16,359 --> 01:00:14,749
there's absolutely no question and and

1422
01:00:19,539 --> 01:00:16,369
something that came up I gave a talk at

1423
01:00:21,880 --> 01:00:19,549
a MUFON meeting in Oregon just last week

1424
01:00:24,940 --> 01:00:21,890
two weeks ago and something that came up

1425
01:00:27,339 --> 01:00:24,950
were hybrids and I I mentioned to them

1426
01:00:30,370 --> 01:00:27,349
mmm well I mentioned to them that if you

1427
01:00:34,390 --> 01:00:30,380
believe that we are hybridizing with

1428
01:00:36,460 --> 01:00:34,400
these extra tempest' reels as I call

1429
01:00:38,440 --> 01:00:36,470
them then you have to acknowledge that

1430
01:00:40,779 --> 01:00:38,450
they are human because that's the

1431
01:00:42,999 --> 01:00:40,789
definition of a species the DEF and the

1432
01:00:44,859 --> 01:00:43,009
biological criteria of species

1433
01:00:47,349 --> 01:00:44,869
classification is that if two organisms

1434
01:00:48,609 --> 01:00:47,359
can mate with each other and produce

1435
01:00:50,710 --> 01:00:48,619
viable offspring

1436
01:00:52,749 --> 01:00:50,720
meaning that offspring itself is able to

1437
01:00:55,089 --> 01:00:52,759
reproduce then by definition they are

1438
01:00:57,549 --> 01:00:55,099
the same species so if you believe that

1439
01:00:59,289 --> 01:00:57,559
we are hybridizing with these aliens and

1440
01:01:01,299 --> 01:00:59,299
whatever capacity you understand them

1441
01:01:03,339 --> 01:01:01,309
you have to admit that they are human

1442
01:01:05,710 --> 01:01:03,349
simply because that's the criteria we

1443
01:01:07,839 --> 01:01:05,720
use to define humaneness and to define a

1444
01:01:10,239 --> 01:01:07,849
species so there's a there's a lot of

1445
01:01:12,430 --> 01:01:10,249
traits even beyond that that I think are

1446
01:01:14,970 --> 01:01:12,440
really important to consider and the

1447
01:01:17,410 --> 01:01:14,980
point of the book and in addition to

1448
01:01:19,329 --> 01:01:17,420
looking at questions of what

1449
01:01:20,950 --> 01:01:19,339
extraterrestrial life might look like in

1450
01:01:24,239 --> 01:01:20,960
other planets and the question of time

1451
01:01:27,069 --> 01:01:24,249
and time travel the cosmos writ large

1452
01:01:29,019 --> 01:01:27,079
there the main focus of the book or at

1453
01:01:33,370 --> 01:01:29,029
least a principal focus of the book is

1454
01:01:36,099 --> 01:01:33,380
that is what what have we done what has

1455
01:01:38,470 --> 01:01:36,109
happened to us how have we evolved over

1456
01:01:40,360 --> 01:01:38,480
the last six to eight million years

1457
01:01:43,270 --> 01:01:40,370
and what's that going to look like going

1458
01:01:45,130 --> 01:01:43,280
forward just if we project those same

1459
01:01:47,680 --> 01:01:45,140
things forward and and that's hard to

1460
01:01:50,460 --> 01:01:47,690
argue that it wouldn't look like what's

1461
01:01:52,810 --> 01:01:50,470
being described in these encounters has

1462
01:01:54,880 --> 01:01:52,820
all these different thoughts are going

1463
01:01:58,090 --> 01:01:54,890
through my mind is you're speaking and

1464
01:01:59,860 --> 01:01:58,100
one of them is you know I talked about

1465
01:02:01,720 --> 01:01:59,870
earlier the bottleneck of Technology

1466
01:02:04,690 --> 01:02:01,730
it's possible we could wipe ourselves

1467
01:02:06,730 --> 01:02:04,700
out and start over again

1468
01:02:09,400 --> 01:02:06,740
I mean if time is you know if we have

1469
01:02:13,030 --> 01:02:09,410
enough time left before the Sun swells

1470
01:02:16,900 --> 01:02:13,040
up and yeah burns everything on earth we

1471
01:02:19,120 --> 01:02:16,910
have time to evolve again possibly but I

1472
01:02:21,190 --> 01:02:19,130
don't know I'm going off on that one but

1473
01:02:24,760 --> 01:02:21,200
one of the things I was thinking about

1474
01:02:26,980 --> 01:02:24,770
is you talked about telepathy and a lot

1475
01:02:28,480 --> 01:02:26,990
of people have reported kind of

1476
01:02:30,430 --> 01:02:28,490
something that kind of fits with what

1477
01:02:33,580 --> 01:02:30,440
you're talking about I would have to say

1478
01:02:35,200 --> 01:02:33,590
a lot of people report of take care of

1479
01:02:39,040 --> 01:02:35,210
your planet you know they're them along

1480
01:02:41,080 --> 01:02:39,050
those lines like you know you hear about

1481
01:02:43,720 --> 01:02:41,090
that and I mentioned you know the aerial

1482
01:02:46,120 --> 01:02:43,730
school very is very commonly yeah yeah

1483
01:02:48,310 --> 01:02:46,130
so that kind of fits with your thoughts

1484
01:02:50,440 --> 01:02:48,320
but another thing that comes to mind is

1485
01:02:53,140 --> 01:02:50,450
like the butterfly effect uh you know

1486
01:02:55,270 --> 01:02:53,150
don't change anything because that one

1487
01:02:57,550 --> 01:02:55,280
little subtle change may wipe out the

1488
01:02:59,380 --> 01:02:57,560
fact that you even exist so what were

1489
01:03:01,960 --> 01:02:59,390
your what how did you get into any of

1490
01:03:04,360 --> 01:03:01,970
that stuff oh yeah we do any of that oh

1491
01:03:07,390 --> 01:03:04,370
absolutely we dive we dive very very

1492
01:03:10,660 --> 01:03:07,400
deep into that part of the swimming pool

1493
01:03:13,420 --> 01:03:10,670
I'd like to circle back to something you

1494
01:03:16,210 --> 01:03:13,430
just said though is there if a big part

1495
01:03:18,250 --> 01:03:16,220
of this model and what I think is

1496
01:03:20,530 --> 01:03:18,260
important especially for your your

1497
01:03:22,120 --> 01:03:20,540
scientific listeners are your listeners

1498
01:03:24,340 --> 01:03:22,130
that are involved in the scientists as

1499
01:03:26,590 --> 01:03:24,350
to understand is that it is a testable

1500
01:03:28,960 --> 01:03:26,600
hypothesis it's falsifiable and as you

1501
01:03:33,880 --> 01:03:28,970
mentioned even if we wipe ourselves out

1502
01:03:37,810 --> 01:03:33,890
we've still tested this model we we by

1503
01:03:39,910 --> 01:03:37,820
definition we would become them and at

1504
01:03:41,860 --> 01:03:39,920
that point at which we do or whatever

1505
01:03:44,140 --> 01:03:41,870
point they decide to let us in on this

1506
01:03:46,150 --> 01:03:44,150
we would understand this we would know

1507
01:03:48,400 --> 01:03:46,160
this we could search the heavens for

1508
01:03:50,950 --> 01:03:48,410
millenia trying to find organisms on

1509
01:03:52,660 --> 01:03:50,960
other planets that fit our hominin form

1510
01:03:54,609 --> 01:03:52,670
and and just keep

1511
01:03:56,559 --> 01:03:54,619
keep looking but at some point we would

1512
01:03:58,319 --> 01:03:56,569
eventually become them under this model

1513
01:04:01,569 --> 01:03:58,329
and I think that's an important thing to

1514
01:04:03,039 --> 01:04:01,579
mention and like you said yeah why would

1515
01:04:04,900 --> 01:04:03,049
they why would they constantly be

1516
01:04:06,880 --> 01:04:04,910
telling us take care of your planet that

1517
01:04:09,059 --> 01:04:06,890
are warning us about nuclear weapons or

1518
01:04:11,710 --> 01:04:09,069
why would there be so many reports

1519
01:04:14,289 --> 01:04:11,720
during major historic events like World

1520
01:04:17,710 --> 01:04:14,299
War two and the Foo Fighters or with all

1521
01:04:19,450 --> 01:04:17,720
of the sightings over major historic

1522
01:04:22,049 --> 01:04:19,460
prehistoric sites all of those things

1523
01:04:24,940 --> 01:04:22,059
just make more sense in the context of

1524
01:04:28,000 --> 01:04:24,950
future humans investigating their past

1525
01:04:29,200 --> 01:04:28,010
or possibly even tourism like hockey and

1526
01:04:32,950 --> 01:04:29,210
always said what we started this

1527
01:04:35,020 --> 01:04:32,960
conversation with earlier is that if

1528
01:04:36,789 --> 01:04:35,030
because we're not inundated with time

1529
01:04:39,549 --> 01:04:36,799
tourists means time travel must not

1530
01:04:41,500 --> 01:04:39,559
exist and I counter that by saying we're

1531
01:04:43,539 --> 01:04:41,510
probably seeing them all the time and

1532
01:04:45,700 --> 01:04:43,549
that's what the UFO phenomenon is or at

1533
01:04:48,789 --> 01:04:45,710
least a big part of it so I think it's

1534
01:04:51,250 --> 01:04:48,799
important to also acknowledge those

1535
01:04:55,020 --> 01:04:51,260
things but but ya know the a big part I

1536
01:04:58,870 --> 01:04:55,030
would say as I just mentioned the first

1537
01:05:02,170 --> 01:04:58,880
major focus of this book is on our

1538
01:05:04,720 --> 01:05:02,180
evolutionary anatomy and what links our

1539
01:05:06,849 --> 01:05:04,730
past to our present and our present to

1540
01:05:08,920 --> 01:05:06,859
our presumed future but the other big

1541
01:05:12,549 --> 01:05:08,930
part is time you can't talk about time

1542
01:05:14,349 --> 01:05:12,559
and time travel and the context of this

1543
01:05:16,930 --> 01:05:14,359
phenomenon without providing a very

1544
01:05:19,049 --> 01:05:16,940
detailed account of our current

1545
01:05:21,670 --> 01:05:19,059
understanding of what time is or how

1546
01:05:23,770 --> 01:05:21,680
backward time travel may be achieved so

1547
01:05:27,000 --> 01:05:23,780
a big section throughout the middle of

1548
01:05:30,160 --> 01:05:27,010
the book focus is on the history of our

1549
01:05:33,069 --> 01:05:30,170
understanding of time and what time

1550
01:05:34,270 --> 01:05:33,079
means cross-culturally it's really

1551
01:05:36,940 --> 01:05:34,280
interesting to look at how other

1552
01:05:40,059 --> 01:05:36,950
cultures perceive time or don't at all

1553
01:05:42,940 --> 01:05:40,069
some societies don't have any word or

1554
01:05:44,910 --> 01:05:42,950
any verbs that describe actions and the

1555
01:05:48,190 --> 01:05:44,920
past or the future

1556
01:05:50,829 --> 01:05:48,200
so just acknowledging that variation and

1557
01:05:53,500 --> 01:05:50,839
our understanding of perception of time

1558
01:05:56,430 --> 01:05:53,510
and then really getting into how

1559
01:05:58,510 --> 01:05:56,440
physicists understand time they

1560
01:06:00,130 --> 01:05:58,520
historians and logicians and

1561
01:06:01,960 --> 01:06:00,140
philosophers would probably argue with

1562
01:06:04,359 --> 01:06:01,970
this to some extent but but physicists

1563
01:06:06,490 --> 01:06:04,369
are in the best position to really

1564
01:06:09,430 --> 01:06:06,500
understand what time is

1565
01:06:11,140 --> 01:06:09,440
and they in engineers and people and

1566
01:06:13,950 --> 01:06:11,150
material sciences are probably going to

1567
01:06:17,470 --> 01:06:13,960
be the most instrumental and actually

1568
01:06:22,090 --> 01:06:17,480
developing a time machine so I really

1569
01:06:25,660 --> 01:06:22,100
turn to modern physics research research

1570
01:06:27,550 --> 01:06:25,670
in quantum mechanics with regard to not

1571
01:06:30,070 --> 01:06:27,560
just how we might achieve backward time

1572
01:06:33,010 --> 01:06:30,080
travel when I go into great detail about

1573
01:06:35,140 --> 01:06:33,020
that and looking at early research in

1574
01:06:37,930 --> 01:06:35,150
this with Van Stockham and gödel and

1575
01:06:40,690 --> 01:06:37,940
Tipler and modern research that's that's

1576
01:06:43,090 --> 01:06:40,700
come from that much of which really all

1577
01:06:45,910 --> 01:06:43,100
of which started with Einstein and his

1578
01:06:48,430 --> 01:06:45,920
general relativity model and different

1579
01:06:51,130 --> 01:06:48,440
solutions to his field equations so I go

1580
01:06:52,660 --> 01:06:51,140
deep into that but then also get into

1581
01:06:54,970 --> 01:06:52,670
what your you're talking about you know

1582
01:06:57,910 --> 01:06:54,980
what happens if we travel through time

1583
01:07:00,250 --> 01:06:57,920
and the the big questions always sent

1584
01:07:02,410 --> 01:07:00,260
around paradoxes the grandfather paradox

1585
01:07:04,990 --> 01:07:02,420
and other consistency paradoxes and you

1586
01:07:09,130 --> 01:07:05,000
see these in television and movies all

1587
01:07:12,250 --> 01:07:09,140
the time many books really look at time

1588
01:07:15,730 --> 01:07:12,260
travel and unobscured terms and fantasy

1589
01:07:17,890 --> 01:07:15,740
terms but well what I found that I have

1590
01:07:19,750 --> 01:07:17,900
to do often times and talking about this

1591
01:07:22,360 --> 01:07:19,760
book and talking about modern physics

1592
01:07:23,980 --> 01:07:22,370
research into this question is correct a

1593
01:07:26,350 --> 01:07:23,990
lot of those assumptions that people

1594
01:07:29,200 --> 01:07:26,360
have that they've gotten from things

1595
01:07:31,360 --> 01:07:29,210
like back to the future or Futurama or

1596
01:07:33,400 --> 01:07:31,370
any other a show that talks about that

1597
01:07:36,070 --> 01:07:33,410
future Futurama they actually do a great

1598
01:07:37,960 --> 01:07:36,080
job they really acknowledge paradoxes

1599
01:07:39,820 --> 01:07:37,970
and try to stay consistent with it and

1600
01:07:42,790 --> 01:07:39,830
they have I think collectively they had

1601
01:07:44,680 --> 01:07:42,800
50 years at Harvard and masters and PhD

1602
01:07:46,030 --> 01:07:44,690
programs the writers on that show it's a

1603
01:07:48,310 --> 01:07:46,040
very good show and they do a great job

1604
01:07:50,590 --> 01:07:48,320
but there are a lot of others that don't

1605
01:07:54,160 --> 01:07:50,600
they don't have that expertise to draw

1606
01:07:56,500 --> 01:07:54,170
from and and so I find that that I often

1607
01:07:58,570 --> 01:07:56,510
am addressing those things and those

1608
01:08:00,430 --> 01:07:58,580
questions that relate to the paradoxes

1609
01:08:03,700 --> 01:08:00,440
and you're right the butterfly effect is

1610
01:08:07,950 --> 01:08:03,710
a big one and and it's important to

1611
01:08:11,320 --> 01:08:07,960
acknowledge though that the the main

1612
01:08:14,890 --> 01:08:11,330
idea or the consensus among among

1613
01:08:17,200 --> 01:08:14,900
physicists is that time and space exist

1614
01:08:19,269 --> 01:08:17,210
is one giant entity what they refer to

1615
01:08:20,270 --> 01:08:19,279
as block time or landscape time or the

1616
01:08:22,250 --> 01:08:20,280
block universe

1617
01:08:26,270 --> 01:08:22,260
something that you often time here we're

1618
01:08:28,700 --> 01:08:26,280
all moments all events that ever existed

1619
01:08:30,530 --> 01:08:28,710
or will exist from the beginning of the

1620
01:08:33,230 --> 01:08:30,540
Big Bang to the end of time when all

1621
01:08:36,560 --> 01:08:33,240
matter is sucked up into black holes or

1622
01:08:40,250 --> 01:08:36,570
however happens exists is one static

1623
01:08:43,610 --> 01:08:40,260
block of space-time and we as cognizant

1624
01:08:45,860 --> 01:08:43,620
organisms biological beings move through

1625
01:08:49,610 --> 01:08:45,870
that and it feels like we do so linearly

1626
01:08:51,650 --> 01:08:49,620
we perceive these events that are exist

1627
01:08:54,020 --> 01:08:51,660
as part of the static block universe as

1628
01:08:56,630 --> 01:08:54,030
a sequential series of events we have

1629
01:08:59,630 --> 01:08:56,640
this entrenched idea of an arrow of time

1630
01:09:02,210 --> 01:08:59,640
or linear time which really is is kind

1631
01:09:04,550 --> 01:09:02,220
of a false sense of how things work

1632
01:09:06,680 --> 01:09:04,560
almost everything in physics is time

1633
01:09:08,510 --> 01:09:06,690
reversible it's time neutral can it

1634
01:09:10,820 --> 01:09:08,520
makes just as much sense running from

1635
01:09:14,720 --> 01:09:10,830
future to past as it does from past to

1636
01:09:17,300 --> 01:09:14,730
future but we see see things as

1637
01:09:19,730 --> 01:09:17,310
progressing in this way so a lot of a

1638
01:09:21,380 --> 01:09:19,740
lot of those issues related to the

1639
01:09:23,390 --> 01:09:21,390
butterfly effect and consistency

1640
01:09:25,790 --> 01:09:23,400
paradoxes just have to do with our

1641
01:09:29,480 --> 01:09:25,800
entrenched view of linear time rather

1642
01:09:31,400 --> 01:09:29,490
than being some some violation of the

1643
01:09:33,530 --> 01:09:31,410
physical laws of the universe so I think

1644
01:09:38,030 --> 01:09:33,540
it's important to make that distinction

1645
01:09:39,530 --> 01:09:38,040
and then I really dive into what's

1646
01:09:41,840 --> 01:09:39,540
what's referred to as the Novikov

1647
01:09:43,400 --> 01:09:41,850
self-consistency principle he was a

1648
01:09:46,150 --> 01:09:43,410
Russian physicist he was really

1649
01:09:48,830 --> 01:09:46,160
instrumental and continues to be

1650
01:09:50,540 --> 01:09:48,840
instrumental and providing clarity on

1651
01:09:53,570 --> 01:09:50,550
these issues and hope he's helping us

1652
01:09:57,290 --> 01:09:53,580
understand how the future can dictate

1653
01:09:58,910 --> 01:09:57,300
events in the past given that the future

1654
01:10:00,440 --> 01:09:58,920
present and past are all one if you

1655
01:10:02,930 --> 01:10:00,450
understand it in the context of this

1656
01:10:04,880 --> 01:10:02,940
block universe and block time then none

1657
01:10:06,890 --> 01:10:04,890
of them are ahead of or behind each

1658
01:10:08,870 --> 01:10:06,900
other in the presence of a time machine

1659
01:10:10,360 --> 01:10:08,880
once you have a time machine the ability

1660
01:10:13,370 --> 01:10:10,370
to travel through the block universe

1661
01:10:15,230 --> 01:10:13,380
there there is no pass to future

1662
01:10:18,230 --> 01:10:15,240
causality any longer and this has

1663
01:10:22,550 --> 01:10:18,240
actually recently been demonstrated with

1664
01:10:26,900 --> 01:10:22,560
with some experiments in physics looking

1665
01:10:29,240 --> 01:10:26,910
at wheelers Gedanken models and things

1666
01:10:30,520 --> 01:10:29,250
that are probably not something I should

1667
01:10:32,570 --> 01:10:30,530
go into now because they're pretty

1668
01:10:34,220 --> 01:10:32,580
complex and I probably put people to

1669
01:10:37,010 --> 01:10:34,230
sleep with it but

1670
01:10:39,010 --> 01:10:37,020
the the main takeaway here is that

1671
01:10:42,320 --> 01:10:39,020
visiting in the past its non-disruptive

1672
01:10:44,689 --> 01:10:42,330
so anything resulting from someone

1673
01:10:47,540 --> 01:10:44,699
visiting the past interacting with the

1674
01:10:49,700 --> 01:10:47,550
past already occurred before that person

1675
01:10:52,189 --> 01:10:49,710
ever left from the future to go to the

1676
01:10:54,320 --> 01:10:52,199
past it's it's always a part of it so

1677
01:10:56,689 --> 01:10:54,330
there's an inherent self-consistency

1678
01:10:58,970 --> 01:10:56,699
that's maintained across these different

1679
01:11:00,410 --> 01:10:58,980
slices of block time so we don't have to

1680
01:11:02,600 --> 01:11:00,420
worry about a butterfly effect we don't

1681
01:11:04,880 --> 01:11:02,610
have to worry about a new parallel

1682
01:11:06,830 --> 01:11:04,890
universe papi now for the universe

1683
01:11:07,490 --> 01:11:06,840
having to correct itself when we travel

1684
01:11:09,410 --> 01:11:07,500
into the past

1685
01:11:11,080 --> 01:11:09,420
because it's already self-correcting

1686
01:11:16,490 --> 01:11:11,090
there's already self-consistency

1687
01:11:18,290 --> 01:11:16,500
inherent across the block universe this

1688
01:11:20,390 --> 01:11:18,300
is this really fascinating to me

1689
01:11:22,689 --> 01:11:20,400
I was gonna mention I'm just going to

1690
01:11:25,100 --> 01:11:22,699
talk about parallel universe Possible's

1691
01:11:27,979 --> 01:11:25,110
possibilities and other dimensions and

1692
01:11:29,810 --> 01:11:27,989
all that but I I wanted to you know when

1693
01:11:31,970 --> 01:11:29,820
you're talking about time in the very

1694
01:11:34,729 --> 01:11:31,980
beginning back there it reminded me of I

1695
01:11:37,939 --> 01:11:34,739
had a great science teacher in high

1696
01:11:40,220 --> 01:11:37,949
school and he said on Friday afternoon

1697
01:11:42,229 --> 01:11:40,230
he said okay your your assignment for

1698
01:11:45,200 --> 01:11:42,239
this week is weekend is to come back

1699
01:11:50,300 --> 01:11:45,210
with a full definition of time and then

1700
01:11:51,590 --> 01:11:50,310
he and I remember you know I really it

1701
01:11:53,180 --> 01:11:51,600
was a fascinating Monday was a

1702
01:11:55,580 --> 01:11:53,190
fascinating day I can't really remember

1703
01:11:59,240 --> 01:11:55,590
yet it's a long long time ago but yeah

1704
01:12:00,590 --> 01:11:59,250
but you know was I you know basically

1705
01:12:04,419 --> 01:12:00,600
we're saying well this is how you

1706
01:12:06,680 --> 01:12:04,429
measure you know like you know you know

1707
01:12:08,330 --> 01:12:06,690
measure moments you know type of thing

1708
01:12:11,120 --> 01:12:08,340
but no one could really I mean there

1709
01:12:13,760 --> 01:12:11,130
really isn't you know what is the best

1710
01:12:15,800 --> 01:12:13,770
description of time and and how how we

1711
01:12:17,360 --> 01:12:15,810
understand it you know you said that any

1712
01:12:19,790 --> 01:12:17,370
old time and that's all we can really

1713
01:12:23,090 --> 01:12:19,800
understand right my favorite definition

1714
01:12:26,720 --> 01:12:23,100
of time physicists or his first name

1715
01:12:28,189 --> 01:12:26,730
William Phillips maybe well he quoted

1716
01:12:31,280 --> 01:12:28,199
this I guess it was Einstein that first

1717
01:12:32,990 --> 01:12:31,290
said it but he he would often respond to

1718
01:12:36,380 --> 01:12:33,000
that question with time as what clocks

1719
01:12:38,240 --> 01:12:36,390
measure yeah and that was it because no

1720
01:12:40,130 --> 01:12:38,250
but if own people like Einstein don't

1721
01:12:42,260 --> 01:12:40,140
fully understand what time is and we

1722
01:12:43,970 --> 01:12:42,270
have gotten a much better idea since

1723
01:12:45,919 --> 01:12:43,980
then and especially with research and

1724
01:12:47,839 --> 01:12:45,929
the quantum mechanics and particle

1725
01:12:50,060 --> 01:12:47,849
physics and cosmology and

1726
01:12:52,419 --> 01:12:50,070
formation of the universe we have a much

1727
01:12:55,700 --> 01:12:52,429
better understanding than we used to but

1728
01:12:56,899 --> 01:12:55,710
it's still something that eludes us and

1729
01:12:58,910 --> 01:12:56,909
I think that's awesome

1730
01:13:01,069 --> 01:12:58,920
that you're your teacher asked that

1731
01:13:03,439 --> 01:13:01,079
question and especially with no clarity

1732
01:13:05,419 --> 01:13:03,449
given whatsoever just throwing it out

1733
01:13:08,629 --> 01:13:05,429
there and say are you guys figure that's

1734
01:13:10,520 --> 01:13:08,639
a great teaching tool heuristic devices

1735
01:13:13,490 --> 01:13:10,530
we call them because it forces you to

1736
01:13:16,189 --> 01:13:13,500
think well what is he asking or she I

1737
01:13:17,930 --> 01:13:16,199
don't know yeah and and what why did

1738
01:13:19,339 --> 01:13:17,940
they ask that and well what if they were

1739
01:13:20,899 --> 01:13:19,349
asking for this reason then you have to

1740
01:13:22,790 --> 01:13:20,909
go and look at all of these different

1741
01:13:25,040 --> 01:13:22,800
things and you get a much deeper insight

1742
01:13:27,020 --> 01:13:25,050
into that thing and with time it takes

1743
01:13:29,510 --> 01:13:27,030
that with something as complex as time

1744
01:13:32,390 --> 01:13:29,520
it takes really coming at it in all of

1745
01:13:35,750 --> 01:13:32,400
these different ways and I remember our

1746
01:13:38,419 --> 01:13:35,760
social media site for academics early

1747
01:13:41,540 --> 01:13:38,429
swear we can keep track of publications

1748
01:13:44,870 --> 01:13:41,550
and who's publishing what when is a site

1749
01:13:47,390 --> 01:13:44,880
called research gate and I think was

1750
01:13:49,790 --> 01:13:47,400
last year sometime one of my peer

1751
01:13:52,189 --> 01:13:49,800
reviewers asked a very specific and

1752
01:13:55,700 --> 01:13:52,199
insightful question I'm related to a

1753
01:13:57,500 --> 01:13:55,710
specific aspect of time and because

1754
01:13:59,120 --> 01:13:57,510
there's so many different academics from

1755
01:14:01,550 --> 01:13:59,130
all over the world and the site I just

1756
01:14:03,890 --> 01:14:01,560
posted her question copy and pasted it

1757
01:14:06,050 --> 01:14:03,900
on to research gate and within a day

1758
01:14:10,040 --> 01:14:06,060
there was something like 200 responses

1759
01:14:13,490 --> 01:14:10,050
by PhDs in physics and philosophy and

1760
01:14:15,530 --> 01:14:13,500
history and astronomy just coming out of

1761
01:14:17,300 --> 01:14:15,540
the woodwork because people are so

1762
01:14:20,300 --> 01:14:17,310
passionate about and it's this one of

1763
01:14:24,080 --> 01:14:20,310
the last great unknowns is not not just

1764
01:14:25,760 --> 01:14:24,090
what time is but but how how do we

1765
01:14:28,939 --> 01:14:25,770
really understand it and how could we

1766
01:14:31,310 --> 01:14:28,949
manipulate it potentially in the same

1767
01:14:33,530 --> 01:14:31,320
way that you see with all of these

1768
01:14:35,390 --> 01:14:33,540
celestial bodies and black holes where

1769
01:14:37,520 --> 01:14:35,400
there's this tremendous war bridge of

1770
01:14:41,270 --> 01:14:37,530
space and time and with very rapid

1771
01:14:43,280 --> 01:14:41,280
movement high velocity and it was it was

1772
01:14:44,990 --> 01:14:43,290
really unsafe I read every single one of

1773
01:14:48,050 --> 01:14:45,000
them and I'd kind of jump in from time

1774
01:14:51,890 --> 01:14:48,060
to time but what I really just watched

1775
01:14:53,780 --> 01:14:51,900
is this really complex conversation

1776
01:14:56,000 --> 01:14:53,790
unfolded in front of me because of this

1777
01:14:58,010 --> 01:14:56,010
one simple question that one of my peer

1778
01:15:00,770 --> 01:14:58,020
reviewers asked about and and I think

1779
01:15:01,760 --> 01:15:00,780
that's a testament to how how

1780
01:15:04,760 --> 01:15:01,770
interesting

1781
01:15:11,570 --> 01:15:04,770
but yet how elusive the question of time

1782
01:15:13,070 --> 01:15:11,580
really is right right now the the one

1783
01:15:17,960 --> 01:15:13,080
question I have for you now there have

1784
01:15:20,300 --> 01:15:17,970
been people reporting abductions

1785
01:15:22,730 --> 01:15:20,310
the earliest known one was in the 1920s

1786
01:15:25,760 --> 01:15:22,740
and then you really didn't hear of

1787
01:15:28,550 --> 01:15:25,770
anything then you heard nineteen sixty

1788
01:15:30,740 --> 01:15:28,560
62 with a Betty and Barney Hill and then

1789
01:15:32,510 --> 01:15:30,750
and then you start and then Travis

1790
01:15:35,150 --> 01:15:32,520
Walton and then you you started hearing

1791
01:15:40,220 --> 01:15:35,160
more and more of them I guess the

1792
01:15:42,740 --> 01:15:40,230
question is for you is why now why in

1793
01:15:45,560 --> 01:15:42,750
the modern more what we were going to

1794
01:15:48,050 --> 01:15:45,570
call the modern times modern UFO you

1795
01:15:51,260 --> 01:15:48,060
know we called the modern UFOs 1947 so

1796
01:15:54,410 --> 01:15:51,270
till now type of thing but why would you

1797
01:15:56,900 --> 01:15:54,420
suspect that there wasn't these

1798
01:15:58,520 --> 01:15:56,910
situations happening prior to or do you

1799
01:16:02,360 --> 01:15:58,530
think they may have been happening and

1800
01:16:04,820 --> 01:16:02,370
just not not imported I I think they've

1801
01:16:07,430 --> 01:16:04,830
been happening as far back into the past

1802
01:16:11,210 --> 01:16:07,440
as our future descendants are able to go

1803
01:16:13,370 --> 01:16:11,220
I think and that's probably a really it

1804
01:16:16,190 --> 01:16:13,380
might be an evolving point in the past

1805
01:16:17,990 --> 01:16:16,200
to where with advances in technology

1806
01:16:20,870 --> 01:16:18,000
with the ability to go faster

1807
01:16:22,760 --> 01:16:20,880
well light cones are oriented toward the

1808
01:16:25,070 --> 01:16:22,770
past and you can create closed timelike

1809
01:16:29,090 --> 01:16:25,080
curves I think the challenge will be how

1810
01:16:31,790 --> 01:16:29,100
fast can they go where what time can

1811
01:16:35,960 --> 01:16:31,800
they get to physically in the past and I

1812
01:16:39,050 --> 01:16:35,970
think that will be a really important

1813
01:16:40,790 --> 01:16:39,060
threshold and one that will continue to

1814
01:16:43,940 --> 01:16:40,800
be pushed because it's important if

1815
01:16:46,610 --> 01:16:43,950
you're studying the past and you are

1816
01:16:48,530 --> 01:16:46,620
able to collect data from that past the

1817
01:16:51,020 --> 01:16:48,540
earlier you can go the more information

1818
01:16:53,690 --> 01:16:51,030
you have the broader the span of your

1819
01:16:56,090 --> 01:16:53,700
knowledge is so I think from whatever

1820
01:16:58,520 --> 01:16:56,100
point they're able to they have been

1821
01:17:01,640 --> 01:16:58,530
doing it and I can't say what point in

1822
01:17:04,820 --> 01:17:01,650
the past that is I think I actually saw

1823
01:17:08,090 --> 01:17:04,830
you know I think it was maybe even under

1824
01:17:11,150 --> 01:17:08,100
hypnosis Jim Penniston talking about the

1825
01:17:14,000 --> 01:17:11,160
information he was given a binary code

1826
01:17:15,229 --> 01:17:14,010
type of situation but but mentioned the

1827
01:17:16,700 --> 01:17:15,239
same thing I found this

1828
01:17:19,549 --> 01:17:16,710
after I published the book so it was

1829
01:17:21,379 --> 01:17:19,559
really interesting to see but then even

1830
01:17:23,299 --> 01:17:21,389
saying they could only go I think was

1831
01:17:25,520 --> 01:17:23,309
something like fifty thousand years into

1832
01:17:28,430 --> 01:17:25,530
the past just because of limitations and

1833
01:17:31,970 --> 01:17:28,440
and their craft and and the speed at

1834
01:17:35,000 --> 01:17:31,980
which they could obtain so no I think I

1835
01:17:37,399 --> 01:17:35,010
think it's probably two things an aspect

1836
01:17:40,790 --> 01:17:37,409
of that is somewhat becoming normalized

1837
01:17:42,169 --> 01:17:40,800
and that's really amazing to see right

1838
01:17:44,330 --> 01:17:42,179
now that it's something that's coming

1839
01:17:47,089 --> 01:17:44,340
out in the media more and it's it's

1840
01:17:49,129 --> 01:17:47,099
becoming something that's discussed and

1841
01:17:51,770 --> 01:17:49,139
those that have said no UFOs aren't real

1842
01:17:53,720 --> 01:17:51,780
or now having to really take a step back

1843
01:17:54,919 --> 01:17:53,730
and think about that and try to assess

1844
01:18:00,259 --> 01:17:54,929
whether they're just being closed-minded

1845
01:18:02,540 --> 01:18:00,269
or have biases or just really don't want

1846
01:18:08,020 --> 01:18:02,550
them to be real but in any case I think

1847
01:18:11,120 --> 01:18:08,030
that at some point we're gonna have to

1848
01:18:13,399 --> 01:18:11,130
come to grips with this that if if this

1849
01:18:17,419 --> 01:18:13,409
has been happening if this is happening

1850
01:18:19,160 --> 01:18:17,429
now and it's becoming normalized we're

1851
01:18:20,419 --> 01:18:19,170
gonna hear about it more as we hear

1852
01:18:22,339 --> 01:18:20,429
about it more it's going to help with

1853
01:18:25,250 --> 01:18:22,349
that normality and you can kind of hear

1854
01:18:27,620 --> 01:18:25,260
this drip drip drip of disclosure that

1855
01:18:29,779 --> 01:18:27,630
that we're just moving toward this point

1856
01:18:31,489 --> 01:18:29,789
where it might be something that's

1857
01:18:33,529 --> 01:18:31,499
that's widely Ignazio right about that

1858
01:18:35,299 --> 01:18:33,539
toward the end of the book where if we

1859
01:18:37,430 --> 01:18:35,309
do get to the point where there isn't

1860
01:18:39,439 --> 01:18:37,440
secrecy surrounding the subject and

1861
01:18:40,910 --> 01:18:39,449
these are indeed our future descendants

1862
01:18:43,370 --> 01:18:40,920
coming back through time and we don't

1863
01:18:45,169 --> 01:18:43,380
have to worry about disruptions to space

1864
01:18:48,560 --> 01:18:45,179
time or the butterfly effect or anything

1865
01:18:50,930 --> 01:18:48,570
like that it's possible that in the

1866
01:18:52,879 --> 01:18:50,940
future even the proximate future the

1867
01:18:54,950 --> 01:18:52,889
next hundred years or twenty years or

1868
01:18:58,189 --> 01:18:54,960
whatever point they decide we're ready

1869
01:18:59,779 --> 01:18:58,199
to know this we it could be as common to

1870
01:19:01,879 --> 01:18:59,789
hang out with people from a thousand

1871
01:19:03,979 --> 01:19:01,889
years in the future as it is now to hang

1872
01:19:06,109 --> 01:19:03,989
out with people from sub-saharan Africa

1873
01:19:09,410 --> 01:19:06,119
or Australia or the Far East or Europe

1874
01:19:11,569 --> 01:19:09,420
or the United States wherever we we see

1875
01:19:14,750 --> 01:19:11,579
variation geographically what refer to

1876
01:19:16,339 --> 01:19:14,760
as geographic race or ancestry but in

1877
01:19:19,189 --> 01:19:16,349
the future we could potentially be

1878
01:19:22,509 --> 01:19:19,199
interacting with people who have

1879
01:19:24,890 --> 01:19:22,519
temporal ancestry they have variation

1880
01:19:26,419 --> 01:19:24,900
resulting from where they came from in

1881
01:19:28,219 --> 01:19:26,429
time and I think that would be an

1882
01:19:29,060 --> 01:19:28,229
amazing thing to see and I certainly

1883
01:19:33,669 --> 01:19:29,070
hope that happened

1884
01:19:36,140 --> 01:19:33,679
my lifetime mm-hmm-hmm I wanted to just

1885
01:19:38,030 --> 01:19:36,150
another thing that I was just thinking

1886
01:19:42,260 --> 01:19:38,040
of just now is that a lot of times we

1887
01:19:44,030 --> 01:19:42,270
think of how people in even sometimes

1888
01:19:47,120 --> 01:19:44,040
just a few hundred years in the past

1889
01:19:48,979 --> 01:19:47,130
maybe not being as bright as us and and

1890
01:19:52,550 --> 01:19:48,989
I I don't agree with that at all as a

1891
01:19:55,310 --> 01:19:52,560
matter of fact you know I transcribed a

1892
01:19:58,399 --> 01:19:55,320
six-page letter of George Washington

1893
01:20:00,649 --> 01:19:58,409
wrote and I had to use the dictionary 25

1894
01:20:01,939 --> 01:20:00,659
times and there wasn't and then those

1895
01:20:05,720 --> 01:20:01,949
six pages it wasn't one single

1896
01:20:07,280 --> 01:20:05,730
misspelled and Wow so but and they were

1897
01:20:08,899 --> 01:20:07,290
writing it by hand weren't they they

1898
01:20:12,229 --> 01:20:08,909
were there is nothing else there is no

1899
01:20:14,120 --> 01:20:12,239
spellcheck yeah and raisin and so but

1900
01:20:16,339 --> 01:20:14,130
you go back in time and you know we just

1901
01:20:19,790 --> 01:20:16,349
assumed that people weren't as bright

1902
01:20:21,800 --> 01:20:19,800
and and I and I disagree I feel like

1903
01:20:25,010 --> 01:20:21,810
people have been you know just as smart

1904
01:20:26,839 --> 01:20:25,020
and and you know I mean you just for a

1905
01:20:29,419 --> 01:20:26,849
college person to pass a fourth-grade

1906
01:20:32,240 --> 01:20:29,429
test that was 200 years ago maybe

1907
01:20:35,089 --> 01:20:32,250
difficult you know I mean there's yeah

1908
01:20:37,580 --> 01:20:35,099
anyway what I'm getting at is do you

1909
01:20:40,459 --> 01:20:37,590
think there is a trend toward an

1910
01:20:43,490 --> 01:20:40,469
evolutionary trend to actual brain size

1911
01:20:45,859 --> 01:20:43,500
actually growing well

1912
01:20:47,479 --> 01:20:45,869
that's it's a an interesting question

1913
01:20:49,790 --> 01:20:47,489
there's a couple things going on with it

1914
01:20:53,060 --> 01:20:49,800
yes our brains have certainly been

1915
01:20:56,030 --> 01:20:53,070
growing larger over evolutionary time

1916
01:20:58,729 --> 01:20:56,040
and it's an accelerating change over the

1917
01:21:00,290 --> 01:20:58,739
last 800,000 years in particular our

1918
01:21:03,290 --> 01:21:00,300
brains have been getting much bigger

1919
01:21:05,959 --> 01:21:03,300
they've shrunk a little bit over the

1920
01:21:08,629 --> 01:21:05,969
last 10,000 years which is actually just

1921
01:21:13,609 --> 01:21:08,639
a result of our overall body size

1922
01:21:16,339 --> 01:21:13,619
reducing since about 30 25 30 thousand

1923
01:21:18,410 --> 01:21:16,349
years ago across the board almost every

1924
01:21:21,950 --> 01:21:18,420
human group has seen a reduction in body

1925
01:21:24,020 --> 01:21:21,960
size and but what's important to keep in

1926
01:21:26,810 --> 01:21:24,030
mind is it's not just size when it comes

1927
01:21:32,180 --> 01:21:26,820
to the brain in fact a lot of my

1928
01:21:36,620 --> 01:21:32,190
research specifically looks at at MRIs

1929
01:21:39,109 --> 01:21:36,630
and the connections among the brain the

1930
01:21:41,510 --> 01:21:39,119
thickness of different Joey within the

1931
01:21:41,839 --> 01:21:41,520
brain the relationship to I sighs how

1932
01:21:42,770 --> 01:21:41,849
the eye

1933
01:21:44,390 --> 01:21:42,780
really

1934
01:21:47,390 --> 01:21:44,400
it's two different structures within the

1935
01:21:49,250 --> 01:21:47,400
brain as well and one thing I found in

1936
01:21:51,169 --> 01:21:49,260
researching these things is that it's

1937
01:21:53,930 --> 01:21:51,179
almost as far as intelligence goes

1938
01:21:55,970 --> 01:21:53,940
better to have a smaller brain there's

1939
01:21:58,250 --> 01:21:55,980
denser connections it's it's dendritic

1940
01:22:00,290 --> 01:21:58,260
density Wow that really plays into

1941
01:22:03,169 --> 01:22:00,300
intelligence more than just the overall

1942
01:22:06,100 --> 01:22:03,179
size of the brain with that said there's

1943
01:22:09,260 --> 01:22:06,110
no doubt that our increase in brain size

1944
01:22:11,330 --> 01:22:09,270
over the last four to five million years

1945
01:22:13,609 --> 01:22:11,340
in particular and especially in the last

1946
01:22:17,600 --> 01:22:13,619
800,000 years there's no doubt that it's

1947
01:22:19,490 --> 01:22:17,610
correlated with intelligence we can see

1948
01:22:21,770 --> 01:22:19,500
that clearly in our culture and the

1949
01:22:24,319 --> 01:22:21,780
evolution of technology they're very

1950
01:22:26,299 --> 01:22:24,329
intricately linked but in looking at

1951
01:22:29,600 --> 01:22:26,309
differences among modern humans or

1952
01:22:31,370 --> 01:22:29,610
between the sexes or what have you size

1953
01:22:33,140 --> 01:22:31,380
of the brain isn't that important most

1954
01:22:35,510 --> 01:22:33,150
of it comes down to organization of the

1955
01:22:38,540 --> 01:22:35,520
brain the density of the dendritic

1956
01:22:40,459 --> 01:22:38,550
connections the shape and that's the

1957
01:22:42,529 --> 01:22:40,469
main thing to keep in mind as you talked

1958
01:22:43,910 --> 01:22:42,539
about earlier how we define modern

1959
01:22:46,459 --> 01:22:43,920
humans but we actually do have a

1960
01:22:48,979 --> 01:22:46,469
definition for that and the two main

1961
01:22:52,310 --> 01:22:48,989
traits that define anatomically modern

1962
01:22:54,290 --> 01:22:52,320
Homo sapiens sapiens are that globular T

1963
01:22:56,779 --> 01:22:54,300
that I mentioned earlier the rounded

1964
01:22:59,089 --> 01:22:56,789
skull shape where our parietal lobes and

1965
01:23:01,520 --> 01:22:59,099
our temporal lobes have expanded medial

1966
01:23:04,040 --> 01:23:01,530
at earlier from inside out but then also

1967
01:23:06,560 --> 01:23:04,050
a facial retraction to the extent that

1968
01:23:09,979 --> 01:23:06,570
we have a chin or a mental eminence as

1969
01:23:12,229 --> 01:23:09,989
we call it so the chin is actually one

1970
01:23:14,270 --> 01:23:12,239
of the criteria we use and and another

1971
01:23:16,790 --> 01:23:14,280
thing to keep in mind is that we're

1972
01:23:18,740 --> 01:23:16,800
talking about a continuous change so we

1973
01:23:21,350 --> 01:23:18,750
can't necessarily just draw a discreet

1974
01:23:22,879 --> 01:23:21,360
line in this continuum and say now we

1975
01:23:25,490 --> 01:23:22,889
have modern humans that's the first

1976
01:23:27,680 --> 01:23:25,500
person there with a bulbous cranium and

1977
01:23:30,830 --> 01:23:27,690
a chin it doesn't work that way it's a

1978
01:23:33,649 --> 01:23:30,840
continuum so a lot of people like to

1979
01:23:35,600 --> 01:23:33,659
speculate that aliens came down and made

1980
01:23:37,580 --> 01:23:35,610
modern humans or this there's this big

1981
01:23:39,140 --> 01:23:37,590
jump that happened it's just not true

1982
01:23:43,600 --> 01:23:39,150
there's no evidence for that whatsoever

1983
01:23:46,010 --> 01:23:43,610
we see this continuous change but we as

1984
01:23:48,410 --> 01:23:46,020
anthropologists have to have some

1985
01:23:51,439 --> 01:23:48,420
criteria with which to mark that change

1986
01:23:53,810 --> 01:23:51,449
or mark that new form and those are the

1987
01:23:56,270 --> 01:23:53,820
two main characteristics we use so so it

1988
01:23:56,650 --> 01:23:56,280
answer your question size of the brain

1989
01:23:59,770 --> 01:23:56,660
what

1990
01:24:02,610 --> 01:23:59,780
happens from now on isn't as important

1991
01:24:06,250 --> 01:24:02,620
as what shape changes take place and how

1992
01:24:08,380 --> 01:24:06,260
those shape changes are associated with

1993
01:24:11,170 --> 01:24:08,390
other characteristics in the face and

1994
01:24:13,990 --> 01:24:11,180
the body in the context of neoteny paedo

1995
01:24:15,970 --> 01:24:14,000
morphosis retaining juvenile eyes traits

1996
01:24:20,110 --> 01:24:15,980
into adulthood is a big part of the

1997
01:24:21,640 --> 01:24:20,120
shape change that we see and and so so

1998
01:24:25,390 --> 01:24:21,650
yeah brain size is important has been

1999
01:24:28,240 --> 01:24:25,400
important but it's it's really more

2000
01:24:31,180 --> 01:24:28,250
about how our brains are connected

2001
01:24:33,010 --> 01:24:31,190
what's going on inside them and at least

2002
01:24:35,380 --> 01:24:33,020
in the sense of what we see from the

2003
01:24:39,850 --> 01:24:35,390
outside what that overall shape of the

2004
01:24:42,430 --> 01:24:39,860
brain is it's um oh this is probably

2005
01:24:44,710 --> 01:24:42,440
kind of a bizarre question but is there

2006
01:24:46,690 --> 01:24:44,720
those are my favorite kinds of questions

2007
01:24:49,120 --> 01:24:46,700
just so you know okay

2008
01:24:53,110 --> 01:24:49,130
is there a part of the brain that could

2009
01:24:56,500 --> 01:24:53,120
develop enough or has there ever been

2010
01:24:58,630 --> 01:24:56,510
any research into what makes someone be

2011
01:25:03,700 --> 01:24:58,640
able to have telepathy you you know to

2012
01:25:05,970 --> 01:25:03,710
send like a telepathic message is there

2013
01:25:10,170 --> 01:25:05,980
part of the brain that that would

2014
01:25:13,300 --> 01:25:10,180
originate or start to develop or could

2015
01:25:16,120 --> 01:25:13,310
that actually it's really funny you

2016
01:25:19,360 --> 01:25:16,130
mentioned that is the subject of my next

2017
01:25:22,680 --> 01:25:19,370
research project what I I would I I

2018
01:25:25,420 --> 01:25:22,690
would really like to know that too and I

2019
01:25:30,330 --> 01:25:25,430
just actually agreed to co-author a book

2020
01:25:32,830 --> 01:25:30,340
with another PhD who also has a very

2021
01:25:35,920 --> 01:25:32,840
very deep interest in this and for a

2022
01:25:37,930 --> 01:25:35,930
very good reason and and we've talked a

2023
01:25:43,480 --> 01:25:37,940
lot about consciousness and telepathy

2024
01:25:46,620 --> 01:25:43,490
and lucid dreaming and teleport a do it

2025
01:25:49,000 --> 01:25:46,630
but the you it was mentioned earlier

2026
01:25:52,720 --> 01:25:49,010
alejandro mentioned it in his news

2027
01:25:54,880 --> 01:25:52,730
report the remote viewing yes people

2028
01:25:56,830 --> 01:25:54,890
people claim to be able to do this and

2029
01:25:58,480 --> 01:25:56,840
there's a lot of evidence that you know

2030
01:26:02,500 --> 01:25:58,490
some people are actually doing these

2031
01:26:05,320 --> 01:26:02,510
things so yeah we're planning to

2032
01:26:06,820 --> 01:26:05,330
research that more to my knowledge no

2033
01:26:09,360 --> 01:26:06,830
it's one of this it's one of these

2034
01:26:11,850 --> 01:26:09,370
things that much like study

2035
01:26:13,980 --> 01:26:11,860
UFOs are talking about UFOs and aliens

2036
01:26:16,170 --> 01:26:13,990
just instantly gets you nowhere in

2037
01:26:17,970 --> 01:26:16,180
academia yeah there's there's a lot of

2038
01:26:19,560 --> 01:26:17,980
people that have research that don't get

2039
01:26:22,230 --> 01:26:19,570
me wrong but at least in the sense of

2040
01:26:24,660 --> 01:26:22,240
getting grant money to do functional MRI

2041
01:26:27,150 --> 01:26:24,670
analyses of which part of the brain is

2042
01:26:29,850 --> 01:26:27,160
fiery and when someone is remote viewing

2043
01:26:31,860 --> 01:26:29,860
or connecting with another brain

2044
01:26:34,530 --> 01:26:31,870
telepathically I think there's a lot of

2045
01:26:36,930 --> 01:26:34,540
a lot of room to move about the cabin

2046
01:26:39,420 --> 01:26:36,940
and there's a lot of research that could

2047
01:26:41,850 --> 01:26:39,430
help us with actual testable hypotheses

2048
01:26:44,580 --> 01:26:41,860
like I mentioned before it's important

2049
01:26:46,290 --> 01:26:44,590
in doing these things to work within the

2050
01:26:48,390 --> 01:26:46,300
scientific method and to develop

2051
01:26:50,550 --> 01:26:48,400
testable hypotheses and data collection

2052
01:26:52,560 --> 01:26:50,560
and and I'd like to continue with that

2053
01:26:54,270 --> 01:26:52,570
in this research and that to me is the

2054
01:26:57,450 --> 01:26:54,280
next big question is to understand

2055
01:26:59,610 --> 01:26:57,460
consciousness and to understand people's

2056
01:27:02,880 --> 01:26:59,620
psychic abilities certain people have

2057
01:27:05,160 --> 01:27:02,890
real abilities to tell what's going to

2058
01:27:07,890 --> 01:27:05,170
happen in some capacity or another and

2059
01:27:10,860 --> 01:27:07,900
in telepathy I think is just a big part

2060
01:27:13,380 --> 01:27:10,870
of that overarching aspect of

2061
01:27:16,110 --> 01:27:13,390
consciousness that I think is something

2062
01:27:19,020 --> 01:27:16,120
that the humanity should certainly be

2063
01:27:20,850 --> 01:27:19,030
looking into more yeah yeah it certainly

2064
01:27:23,850 --> 01:27:20,860
would save a lot of time and you know

2065
01:27:25,740 --> 01:27:23,860
together cellphones and all that well as

2066
01:27:27,900 --> 01:27:25,750
someone pointed out previously though it

2067
01:27:30,120 --> 01:27:27,910
would make podcasters jobs somewhat

2068
01:27:34,320 --> 01:27:30,130
difficult you know how do you do your

2069
01:27:39,060 --> 01:27:34,330
job if everyone's communicating that's

2070
01:27:42,300 --> 01:27:39,070
right yeah so tune in to the noggin

2071
01:27:43,470 --> 01:27:42,310
yeah this brainwave this frequency yeah

2072
01:27:45,900 --> 01:27:43,480
yeah that's pretty funny

2073
01:27:48,960 --> 01:27:45,910
so I do want to let you know that I did

2074
01:27:51,600 --> 01:27:48,970
put the phone number up we are accepting

2075
01:27:54,390 --> 01:27:51,610
calls for those of you over at kgr a

2076
01:27:58,590 --> 01:27:54,400
radio write this number down it's six

2077
01:28:00,240 --> 01:27:58,600
zero three nine six seven four o3o if

2078
01:28:04,710 --> 01:28:00,250
anyone would like to give us a jingle

2079
01:28:07,680 --> 01:28:04,720
and I got a question for four doctoral

2080
01:28:10,620 --> 01:28:07,690
masters so feel free to give us a call I

2081
01:28:13,500 --> 01:28:10,630
think it's to me this is a very

2082
01:28:14,820 --> 01:28:13,510
fascinating topic it's a little you do

2083
01:28:17,070 --> 01:28:14,830
you mind if I plug the book oh

2084
01:28:19,680 --> 01:28:17,080
absolutely go right to it yes well the

2085
01:28:22,560 --> 01:28:19,690
name of the book is identified flying

2086
01:28:23,310 --> 01:28:22,570
objects a multidisciplinary scientific

2087
01:28:25,950 --> 01:28:23,320
approach to the

2088
01:28:29,580 --> 01:28:25,960
UFO phenomenon and it's available in all

2089
01:28:33,060 --> 01:28:29,590
major platforms the websites probably

2090
01:28:34,770 --> 01:28:33,070
the best place to find places to

2091
01:28:37,770 --> 01:28:34,780
purchase it or to find out more

2092
01:28:40,350 --> 01:28:37,780
information or talks I think it came up

2093
01:28:42,750 --> 01:28:40,360
earlier that I'd be at the International

2094
01:28:44,939 --> 01:28:42,760
UFO Congress and Phoenix in September

2095
01:28:46,609 --> 01:28:44,949
I'll be speaking at the MUFON 50th

2096
01:28:50,160 --> 01:28:46,619
anniversary event in Irvine California

2097
01:28:52,919 --> 01:28:50,170
on in late July

2098
01:28:54,510 --> 01:28:52,929
so there's yeah there's a lot going on

2099
01:28:56,399 --> 01:28:54,520
there's a lot of moving bits and pieces

2100
01:28:58,410 --> 01:28:56,409
and like I've said from the beginning

2101
01:29:01,229 --> 01:28:58,420
it's just an evolving process an

2102
01:29:03,089 --> 01:29:01,239
evolving project and doing things like

2103
01:29:05,609 --> 01:29:03,099
this having conversations with you right

2104
01:29:09,060 --> 01:29:05,619
now is a very important part of that

2105
01:29:11,669 --> 01:29:09,070
yeah yeah I would put the I've actually

2106
01:29:14,939 --> 01:29:11,679
got bumped off of YouTube monetization

2107
01:29:17,250 --> 01:29:14,949
actually when I put a cover of a book up

2108
01:29:20,100 --> 01:29:17,260
so I can't do that anymore but it is

2109
01:29:22,530 --> 01:29:20,110
easy to find on Amazon or actually you

2110
01:29:24,660 --> 01:29:22,540
have as you mentioned your website which

2111
01:29:26,459 --> 01:29:24,670
actually stands for identified objects

2112
01:29:29,459 --> 01:29:26,469
right is that what yeah yeah it's just a

2113
01:29:33,899 --> 01:29:29,469
shortened version of the book I'd fly up

2114
01:29:36,419 --> 01:29:33,909
calm IDF oh why obj which in retrospect

2115
01:29:38,819 --> 01:29:36,429
I was on coast to coast and and George

2116
01:29:40,859 --> 01:29:38,829
Noory was you know doing the whole ship

2117
01:29:43,290 --> 01:29:40,869
EO and he looks like and his website is

2118
01:29:45,930 --> 01:29:43,300
just a random string of numbers all

2119
01:29:48,240 --> 01:29:45,940
right we'll be right back string of

2120
01:29:49,740 --> 01:29:48,250
letters he said I was like ah yeah he's

2121
01:29:51,660 --> 01:29:49,750
right I prize should have done something

2122
01:29:54,629 --> 01:29:51,670
else but I fo was taken I couldn't use

2123
01:30:00,479 --> 01:29:54,639
IFO and I was that was the next best

2124
01:30:02,160 --> 01:30:00,489
idea in my mind is I'd fly aab jaao he

2125
01:30:05,760 --> 01:30:02,170
called me out and he you know Strauss

2126
01:30:07,859 --> 01:30:05,770
what are you doing so yeah well again

2127
01:30:14,010 --> 01:30:07,869
the lines open if anyone like to call in

2128
01:30:17,459 --> 01:30:14,020
and so on as far as the future traits of

2129
01:30:19,700 --> 01:30:17,469
the human anatomy you said a lot of it

2130
01:30:23,250 --> 01:30:19,710
is a lot of it is shaped around

2131
01:30:26,850 --> 01:30:23,260
environment I know you know food supply

2132
01:30:30,569 --> 01:30:26,860
the food and all that but do you think

2133
01:30:32,640 --> 01:30:30,579
that we're I you know I was talking

2134
01:30:34,770 --> 01:30:32,650
really about intelligence and you know

2135
01:30:36,710 --> 01:30:34,780
some I've heard people say this and I

2136
01:30:39,050 --> 01:30:36,720
don't know just people talking whatever

2137
01:30:41,570 --> 01:30:39,060
they say people are getting less

2138
01:30:44,660 --> 01:30:41,580
intelligent is is there there's no way

2139
01:30:46,730 --> 01:30:44,670
to track that that's not really

2140
01:30:49,340 --> 01:30:46,740
happening is it that you're aware of oh

2141
01:30:51,260 --> 01:30:49,350
no there's tons of ways to track that

2142
01:30:54,890 --> 01:30:51,270
absolutely I mean we do all the time

2143
01:30:57,560 --> 01:30:54,900
yeah any time you see any quantitative

2144
01:30:59,570 --> 01:30:57,570
metric about schools or tests or

2145
01:31:03,560 --> 01:30:59,580
especially because we've standardized

2146
01:31:05,450 --> 01:31:03,570
tests for so long high IQ tests or I

2147
01:31:08,470 --> 01:31:05,460
don't know what the FCC rules are so

2148
01:31:11,420 --> 01:31:08,480
I'll just use a nice term our our bunk

2149
01:31:13,730 --> 01:31:11,430
essentially and were developed for very

2150
01:31:16,250 --> 01:31:13,740
horrible reasons as part of the eugenics

2151
01:31:18,800 --> 01:31:16,260
movement they're very racist no really

2152
01:31:21,910 --> 01:31:18,810
yeah I don't learn much credence to IQ

2153
01:31:23,960 --> 01:31:21,920
tests but there are standard

2154
01:31:25,790 --> 01:31:23,970
standardized tests that are very useful

2155
01:31:28,190 --> 01:31:25,800
and we can compare these across

2156
01:31:31,550 --> 01:31:28,200
different countries across different

2157
01:31:34,220 --> 01:31:31,560
demographic groups obviously different

2158
01:31:37,100 --> 01:31:34,230
ages different ethnicities and whatnot

2159
01:31:39,440 --> 01:31:37,110
and see what our intelligence is like

2160
01:31:41,420 --> 01:31:39,450
and yeah we've been falling by the

2161
01:31:44,630 --> 01:31:41,430
wayside certainly and and as you

2162
01:31:47,060 --> 01:31:44,640
mentioned I think it's important to

2163
01:31:48,800 --> 01:31:47,070
think about this to us we're people

2164
01:31:50,510 --> 01:31:48,810
smarter in the past sure as you

2165
01:31:52,430 --> 01:31:50,520
mentioned they were able to write

2166
01:31:54,410 --> 01:31:52,440
without spelling errors with very

2167
01:31:56,630 --> 01:31:54,420
beautiful handwriting and they took

2168
01:31:58,460 --> 01:31:56,640
their time to do it but what what did

2169
01:32:01,310 --> 01:31:58,470
they really produce and how quickly did

2170
01:32:04,280 --> 01:32:01,320
they produce it but culture builds on

2171
01:32:06,650 --> 01:32:04,290
top of culture and technology builds on

2172
01:32:09,290 --> 01:32:06,660
top of technology and there are people

2173
01:32:11,600 --> 01:32:09,300
that drive that forward were very very

2174
01:32:16,100 --> 01:32:11,610
smart people but it almost sounds like

2175
01:32:19,040 --> 01:32:16,110
you're asking are we as a species or the

2176
01:32:22,070 --> 01:32:19,050
average of humans sort of devolving

2177
01:32:24,140 --> 01:32:22,080
together or getting am i I'm often left

2178
01:32:26,780 --> 01:32:24,150
field there no no that's exactly what I

2179
01:32:29,620 --> 01:32:26,790
was wearing yes yeah and I think a lot

2180
01:32:33,710 --> 01:32:29,630
of that comes down to a couple of things

2181
01:32:35,930 --> 01:32:33,720
this is anecdotal to some extent but

2182
01:32:38,420 --> 01:32:35,940
there is also data to back this up and

2183
01:32:41,480 --> 01:32:38,430
studies to back this up that they're on

2184
01:32:44,660 --> 01:32:41,490
average there are more less intelligent

2185
01:32:46,460 --> 01:32:44,670
people in this country than in the past

2186
01:32:48,650 --> 01:32:46,470
and that could partly be because there

2187
01:32:50,660 --> 01:32:48,660
were fewer people in the past it also

2188
01:32:52,370 --> 01:32:50,670
comes down to birth rates

2189
01:32:54,200 --> 01:32:52,380
among different demographic groups and

2190
01:32:56,979 --> 01:32:54,210
especially those in poverty they tend to

2191
01:32:58,550 --> 01:32:56,989
have more children but that's also

2192
01:33:00,979 --> 01:32:58,560
socio-political that they have less

2193
01:33:05,120 --> 01:33:00,989
access to birth control and less

2194
01:33:07,340 --> 01:33:05,130
education about ways to prevent unwanted

2195
01:33:09,830 --> 01:33:07,350
births there's also more rape and abuse

2196
01:33:14,689 --> 01:33:09,840
and a number of things that play into it

2197
01:33:17,630 --> 01:33:14,699
so so yeah and looking at if we are sort

2198
01:33:20,120 --> 01:33:17,640
of devolving or getting dumber we have

2199
01:33:22,280 --> 01:33:20,130
to also factor into it the economic

2200
01:33:25,790 --> 01:33:22,290
situation and the political situation if

2201
01:33:28,700 --> 01:33:25,800
we're cut access to education health

2202
01:33:30,830 --> 01:33:28,710
care preventive measures then then yeah

2203
01:33:33,560 --> 01:33:30,840
you could definitely see the beginning

2204
01:33:37,669 --> 01:33:33,570
of a trend that would continue to push

2205
01:33:39,500 --> 01:33:37,679
us toward more people that have a lower

2206
01:33:42,250 --> 01:33:39,510
education and therefore less

2207
01:33:45,169 --> 01:33:42,260
intelligence as indicated by these

2208
01:33:50,390 --> 01:33:45,179
standardized tests you know I I myself

2209
01:33:52,820 --> 01:33:50,400
have seen a trend in just what I do

2210
01:33:55,310 --> 01:33:52,830
as far as you know your your phone has

2211
01:33:57,650 --> 01:33:55,320
spellcheck for you now you know there's

2212
01:34:00,530 --> 01:33:57,660
all these little things that calculators

2213
01:34:02,780 --> 01:34:00,540
yeah oh we don't say massive right out

2214
01:34:05,270 --> 01:34:02,790
hand you know right out and really you

2215
01:34:08,750 --> 01:34:05,280
know use your brain for it's so much

2216
01:34:12,800 --> 01:34:08,760
easier to ask Siri or or Alexa whatever

2217
01:34:15,070 --> 01:34:12,810
it is and you know and that that way and

2218
01:34:18,380 --> 01:34:15,080
in that way in particular I can see that

2219
01:34:20,570 --> 01:34:18,390
technology is harmful to us and actually

2220
01:34:22,790 --> 01:34:20,580
but but let me ask you this does that

2221
01:34:25,370 --> 01:34:22,800
does that mean we're Dumber or does that

2222
01:34:28,580 --> 01:34:25,380
mean we're smarter because again on

2223
01:34:30,979 --> 01:34:28,590
average you know regardless of what we

2224
01:34:32,720 --> 01:34:30,989
can do or can't do within our brains

2225
01:34:34,640 --> 01:34:32,730
we're still able to learn this

2226
01:34:36,350 --> 01:34:34,650
technology and we're still able to learn

2227
01:34:39,229 --> 01:34:36,360
how to use these apps and it's

2228
01:34:41,810 --> 01:34:39,239
constantly evolving technology that that

2229
01:34:43,580 --> 01:34:41,820
we have to adapt to and and and even

2230
01:34:46,430 --> 01:34:43,590
though yeah we might be getting Dumber

2231
01:34:49,939 --> 01:34:46,440
and certain segments of the population I

2232
01:34:53,320 --> 01:34:49,949
think we're still we still are required

2233
01:34:55,820 --> 01:34:53,330
to do things that a hundred years ago

2234
01:34:58,280 --> 01:34:55,830
just wouldn't really even be something

2235
01:34:59,870 --> 01:34:58,290
we could conceptualize so I don't know

2236
01:35:01,850 --> 01:34:59,880
it's a tough one I think it's a

2237
01:35:03,740 --> 01:35:01,860
multi-faceted day I'm really glad you

2238
01:35:04,550 --> 01:35:03,750
brought it up actually because it's it's

2239
01:35:06,770 --> 01:35:04,560
something that I

2240
01:35:08,570 --> 01:35:06,780
think we all kind of bounce around in

2241
01:35:10,610 --> 01:35:08,580
our heads and as something we should

2242
01:35:15,200 --> 01:35:10,620
have more of a discussion about yeah

2243
01:35:17,810 --> 01:35:15,210
yeah you know getting back to the topic

2244
01:35:22,670 --> 01:35:17,820
that you know my shows about UFOs

2245
01:35:24,260 --> 01:35:22,680
basically do you think that or is some

2246
01:35:28,070 --> 01:35:24,270
of your thoughts that what people are

2247
01:35:31,340 --> 01:35:28,080
seeing as far as a UFO are actually

2248
01:35:33,530 --> 01:35:31,350
carrying people you know from the future

2249
01:35:36,110 --> 01:35:33,540
to the past or do you think some

2250
01:35:37,670 --> 01:35:36,120
possibly that some of them are is that

2251
01:35:41,060 --> 01:35:37,680
is that kind of your theory that these

2252
01:35:44,450 --> 01:35:41,070
are actually time machines yeah I do I

2253
01:35:47,150 --> 01:35:44,460
that's the main argument and the book is

2254
01:35:51,140 --> 01:35:47,160
that these devices these UFOs themselves

2255
01:35:54,740 --> 01:35:51,150
are the actual time machine and I look

2256
01:35:57,650 --> 01:35:54,750
at like I mentioned earlier some of the

2257
01:36:01,310 --> 01:35:57,660
the early solutions to Einstein's field

2258
01:36:05,240 --> 01:36:01,320
equations and most of them involved some

2259
01:36:07,610 --> 01:36:05,250
sort of rotating cylinder or Silla node

2260
01:36:10,340 --> 01:36:07,620
or a disk many times a disk especially

2261
01:36:12,560 --> 01:36:10,350
in more recent research and the the main

2262
01:36:14,570 --> 01:36:12,570
thing that that happens the main way in

2263
01:36:17,080 --> 01:36:14,580
which you can travel into the past that

2264
01:36:19,640 --> 01:36:17,090
you reorient light cones toward the past

2265
01:36:22,490 --> 01:36:19,650
and a light cone is just all of the

2266
01:36:24,620 --> 01:36:22,500
possibilities with them the speed of

2267
01:36:28,280 --> 01:36:24,630
light within the laws of physics any

2268
01:36:29,930 --> 01:36:28,290
moment radiating out into the future if

2269
01:36:32,960 --> 01:36:29,940
you can imagine beams of light on either

2270
01:36:35,390 --> 01:36:32,970
side it creates this probability layer

2271
01:36:38,030 --> 01:36:35,400
this cone of probabilities which is

2272
01:36:39,410 --> 01:36:38,040
what's known as a light cone but in

2273
01:36:41,510 --> 01:36:39,420
order to travel into the past you have

2274
01:36:44,030 --> 01:36:41,520
to reorient those toward the past you

2275
01:36:47,210 --> 01:36:44,040
have to get them to tip over so that you

2276
01:36:50,930 --> 01:36:47,220
can actually move physically into a past

2277
01:36:52,490 --> 01:36:50,940
period and one of the this has been

2278
01:36:55,130 --> 01:36:52,500
demonstrated many times it's something

2279
01:36:57,950 --> 01:36:55,140
that we understand we can't create it

2280
01:37:00,020 --> 01:36:57,960
yet more recent research actually is

2281
01:37:01,850 --> 01:37:00,030
starting to investigate these things in

2282
01:37:05,060 --> 01:37:01,860
a laboratory setting and look into how

2283
01:37:06,740 --> 01:37:05,070
we create these frame dragon lens theory

2284
01:37:09,440 --> 01:37:06,750
and effects to create an actual time

2285
01:37:11,900 --> 01:37:09,450
machine but but they all come down to is

2286
01:37:14,330 --> 01:37:11,910
the rotation or at least a dominant

2287
01:37:18,290 --> 01:37:14,340
theme throughout is the rotation of a

2288
01:37:21,140 --> 01:37:18,300
highly massive or highly energetic disc

2289
01:37:22,510 --> 01:37:21,150
and and if you think about black holes

2290
01:37:26,030 --> 01:37:22,520
the only thing in the known universe

2291
01:37:27,560 --> 01:37:26,040
that can actually send matter back in

2292
01:37:29,320 --> 01:37:27,570
time at the event horizon the

2293
01:37:32,540 --> 01:37:29,330
Schwarzschild radius of a black hole

2294
01:37:34,850 --> 01:37:32,550
that is when it disappears from our four

2295
01:37:36,830 --> 01:37:34,860
dimensions of a spacetime even light

2296
01:37:38,960 --> 01:37:36,840
can't penetrate that event horizon

2297
01:37:41,960 --> 01:37:38,970
because of the massive gravitation and I

2298
01:37:43,780 --> 01:37:41,970
certainly don't think that these UFOs or

2299
01:37:46,820 --> 01:37:43,790
I foes as I call them in the book are

2300
01:37:49,610 --> 01:37:46,830
like black holes that would the tidal

2301
01:37:50,960 --> 01:37:49,620
forces of a black hole and singularity

2302
01:37:55,130 --> 01:37:50,970
associated with it would rip apart

2303
01:37:56,120 --> 01:37:55,140
anything that entered it but a good

2304
01:37:58,010 --> 01:37:56,130
surrogate for that is the

2305
01:37:59,720 --> 01:37:58,020
electromagnetic force and what a lot of

2306
01:38:01,910 --> 01:37:59,730
people don't realize is the

2307
01:38:05,840 --> 01:38:01,920
electromagnetic force is 10 to the 40

2308
01:38:08,030 --> 01:38:05,850
times stronger than gravity we think of

2309
01:38:09,890 --> 01:38:08,040
gravity as this thing that that holds us

2310
01:38:11,780 --> 01:38:09,900
to the earth and it holds the earth to

2311
01:38:14,480 --> 01:38:11,790
the Sun and the moon to the earth and

2312
01:38:16,580 --> 01:38:14,490
and there's an important force of the

2313
01:38:19,130 --> 01:38:16,590
four forces in nature but

2314
01:38:21,320 --> 01:38:19,140
electromagnetism is so much stronger so

2315
01:38:24,440 --> 01:38:21,330
if we could harness that electromagnetic

2316
01:38:27,680 --> 01:38:24,450
force and still create this frame dragon

2317
01:38:29,630 --> 01:38:27,690
effect or this rotational energy that's

2318
01:38:33,110 --> 01:38:29,640
needed to reorient those light cones

2319
01:38:34,910 --> 01:38:33,120
toward the past we could potentially

2320
01:38:37,880 --> 01:38:34,920
create a time machine without having to

2321
01:38:40,100 --> 01:38:37,890
create singularities associated with

2322
01:38:43,250 --> 01:38:40,110
black holes and the physics and particle

2323
01:38:46,550 --> 01:38:43,260
physics involved with that so so yeah an

2324
01:38:49,310 --> 01:38:46,560
idiom a common mantra and biology is

2325
01:38:51,140 --> 01:38:49,320
that form follows function and that

2326
01:38:53,750 --> 01:38:51,150
applies to anything and it certainly

2327
01:38:57,290 --> 01:38:53,760
applies here I think where the form of

2328
01:38:59,750 --> 01:38:57,300
these craft and the properties that they

2329
01:39:04,030 --> 01:38:59,760
have the common description of them

2330
01:39:06,500 --> 01:39:04,040
being disk-like and having rotating

2331
01:39:09,170 --> 01:39:06,510
could facilitate the function of

2332
01:39:12,140 --> 01:39:09,180
backward time travel so yeah I really do

2333
01:39:14,210 --> 01:39:12,150
believe and I feel like I make a strong

2334
01:39:16,180 --> 01:39:14,220
argument for this on the book that these

2335
01:39:20,860 --> 01:39:16,190
are the actual time machines themselves

2336
01:39:24,220 --> 01:39:20,870
Wow amazing so and the Foo Fighters

2337
01:39:26,510 --> 01:39:24,230
mostly were orbs so that that doesn't

2338
01:39:28,400 --> 01:39:26,520
that doesn't kind of follow that same

2339
01:39:31,400 --> 01:39:28,410
line you know I mean mostly what people

2340
01:39:32,180 --> 01:39:31,410
were seeing or no no I'd like to address

2341
01:39:34,460 --> 01:39:32,190
that yeah

2342
01:39:38,120 --> 01:39:34,470
he actually is I don't I don't think all

2343
01:39:40,940 --> 01:39:38,130
of them arm there are things like like

2344
01:39:44,870 --> 01:39:40,950
what was described recently the the cube

2345
01:39:47,570 --> 01:39:44,880
and orb or the something like that

2346
01:39:51,470 --> 01:39:47,580
I've been shown images of things that

2347
01:39:54,350 --> 01:39:51,480
appear to be drones that aren't that

2348
01:39:57,220 --> 01:39:54,360
certainly aren't time machines many of

2349
01:40:01,250 --> 01:39:57,230
them are more circular but the actual

2350
01:40:03,290 --> 01:40:01,260
craft that the large I hate to use this

2351
01:40:07,130 --> 01:40:03,300
word cuz it's so cliche but mothership

2352
01:40:09,080 --> 01:40:07,140
to hit craft they do seem to have the

2353
01:40:11,990 --> 01:40:09,090
capacity what comes out of those to do

2354
01:40:14,240 --> 01:40:12,000
whatever sort of thing is happening

2355
01:40:15,920 --> 01:40:14,250
obviously you're not just gonna take

2356
01:40:17,420 --> 01:40:15,930
that down in someone's bedroom and see

2357
01:40:18,920 --> 01:40:17,430
if you can get in there to abduct them

2358
01:40:21,860 --> 01:40:18,930
at that time you're gonna send a little

2359
01:40:24,320 --> 01:40:21,870
a little probe a little drone type thing

2360
01:40:27,140 --> 01:40:24,330
so I think a lot of the UFO phenomenon

2361
01:40:29,600 --> 01:40:27,150
is people observing those types of

2362
01:40:32,210 --> 01:40:29,610
things that are being sent out by our

2363
01:40:35,140 --> 01:40:32,220
time-traveling descendants in order to

2364
01:40:37,610 --> 01:40:35,150
do the research pick up a couple people

2365
01:40:40,610 --> 01:40:37,620
do their bio medical examination then

2366
01:40:43,130 --> 01:40:40,620
return to their own time without having

2367
01:40:45,920 --> 01:40:43,140
to really be there and hovering over

2368
01:40:47,960 --> 01:40:45,930
large metropolitan area so I think a lot

2369
01:40:49,550 --> 01:40:47,970
of the UFO phenomenon is just what

2370
01:40:55,520 --> 01:40:49,560
they're sending out as part of their

2371
01:40:58,730 --> 01:40:55,530
research mission well well and care to

2372
01:41:00,230 --> 01:40:58,740
speculate how many thousands and

2373
01:41:05,210 --> 01:41:00,240
thousands of years in the future you

2374
01:41:08,870 --> 01:41:05,220
think that this could I hate speculating

2375
01:41:12,530 --> 01:41:08,880
about that however to be fair I was just

2376
01:41:14,540 --> 01:41:12,540
talking about being on coast to coast a

2377
01:41:15,140 --> 01:41:14,550
couple months ago and George Noory made

2378
01:41:17,960 --> 01:41:15,150
me do it

2379
01:41:20,420 --> 01:41:17,970
he wouldn't he wouldn't go to commercial

2380
01:41:21,830 --> 01:41:20,430
really until I visit so so if I do it

2381
01:41:23,360 --> 01:41:21,840
for George Noory I feel like I should

2382
01:41:25,930 --> 01:41:23,370
have to do it for everyone last that

2383
01:41:31,570 --> 01:41:25,940
question but but the number I gave him

2384
01:41:35,570 --> 01:41:31,580
it was I think around I think around

2385
01:41:36,740 --> 01:41:35,580
20,000 years yes and that's again that's

2386
01:41:39,140 --> 01:41:36,750
not that oh really

2387
01:41:41,690 --> 01:41:39,150
but again it's also complicated because

2388
01:41:43,310 --> 01:41:41,700
we could potentially have the technology

2389
01:41:45,410 --> 01:41:43,320
to do this in a couple thousand years

2390
01:41:45,980 --> 01:41:45,420
but we will also wouldn't expect to see

2391
01:41:47,450 --> 01:41:45,990
people

2392
01:41:49,040 --> 01:41:47,460
from that time because they likely

2393
01:41:50,540 --> 01:41:49,050
already have records of what happened

2394
01:41:53,060 --> 01:41:50,550
and we wouldn't be that interesting

2395
01:41:56,560 --> 01:41:53,070
there's no real incentive to do it so I

2396
01:41:59,180 --> 01:41:56,570
think the vast majority of accounts

2397
01:42:03,020 --> 01:41:59,190
abduction accounts and whatnot where we

2398
01:42:05,030 --> 01:42:03,030
see these more evolved humans list with

2399
01:42:08,780 --> 01:42:05,040
still very hominin traits but slightly

2400
01:42:11,810 --> 01:42:08,790
derived versions of them based on those

2401
01:42:14,420 --> 01:42:11,820
is where I get that twenty thousand year

2402
01:42:17,270 --> 01:42:14,430
estimate though I I think the technology

2403
01:42:19,510 --> 01:42:17,280
will probably be available before that

2404
01:42:21,500 --> 01:42:19,520
it just won't be used for this

2405
01:42:23,690 --> 01:42:21,510
necessarily and it's important to keep

2406
01:42:25,760 --> 01:42:23,700
in mind too that once that technology

2407
01:42:27,730 --> 01:42:25,770
exists as I mentioned earlier in the

2408
01:42:30,860 --> 01:42:27,740
context of Novikov self-consistency

2409
01:42:33,140 --> 01:42:30,870
principle none of these things are ahead

2410
01:42:35,480 --> 01:42:33,150
of her behind the other once that time

2411
01:42:39,650 --> 01:42:35,490
machine is developed so there could

2412
01:42:41,510 --> 01:42:39,660
potentially be an IFO chocked full of

2413
01:42:44,600 --> 01:42:41,520
our future humans who actually have the

2414
01:42:47,720 --> 01:42:44,610
technology who went back and picked up a

2415
01:42:49,130 --> 01:42:47,730
bunch of Neanderthals and maybe they

2416
01:42:50,960 --> 01:42:49,140
dropped some off just to mess with us

2417
01:42:53,540 --> 01:42:50,970
and that's where the Bigfoot Sasquatch

2418
01:42:55,670 --> 01:42:53,550
thing comes from they picked them up in

2419
01:42:57,440 --> 01:42:55,680
the past they come back and get a couple

2420
01:42:59,420 --> 01:42:57,450
humans from a thousand years in the

2421
01:43:01,130 --> 01:42:59,430
future and then you know some major

2422
01:43:03,740 --> 01:43:01,140
celebrity just because it's funny and

2423
01:43:06,830 --> 01:43:03,750
then pick us up and we're looking at

2424
01:43:08,840 --> 01:43:06,840
this whole spectrum of human evolution

2425
01:43:10,640 --> 01:43:08,850
because they have the technology to do

2426
01:43:12,350 --> 01:43:10,650
that so so I think it's important that

2427
01:43:13,940 --> 01:43:12,360
even you know when I throw out this

2428
01:43:16,130 --> 01:43:13,950
arbitrary number Akali ously have no

2429
01:43:18,850 --> 01:43:16,140
idea I'm just speculating but based on

2430
01:43:21,680 --> 01:43:18,860
those physical traits they seem to be

2431
01:43:23,480 --> 01:43:21,690
from a period in our future that

2432
01:43:25,070 --> 01:43:23,490
somewhat consistent with twenty thousand

2433
01:43:28,190 --> 01:43:25,080
to fifteen thousand fifty thousand years

2434
01:43:30,380 --> 01:43:28,200
but anybody could be in there they can

2435
01:43:32,960 --> 01:43:30,390
pick up anybody they want within the

2436
01:43:35,810 --> 01:43:32,970
limits of what their craft can do within

2437
01:43:39,200 --> 01:43:35,820
the limits of when the earliest point

2438
01:43:41,630 --> 01:43:39,210
their craft can reach so I I think we

2439
01:43:44,150 --> 01:43:41,640
need to still consider a listicle II and

2440
01:43:46,550 --> 01:43:44,160
think about the whole of space-time and

2441
01:43:48,920 --> 01:43:46,560
not just when they might be coming from

2442
01:43:51,110 --> 01:43:48,930
in the future yeah I'm sure you probably

2443
01:43:53,180 --> 01:43:51,120
caught the headline a few months ago

2444
01:43:55,160 --> 01:43:53,190
where it said major breakthrough and

2445
01:43:57,720 --> 01:43:55,170
time travel and ended up just being

2446
01:44:00,540 --> 01:43:57,730
something with a quantum computer

2447
01:44:03,930 --> 01:44:00,550
and it really I hate this appointing

2448
01:44:08,760 --> 01:44:03,940
wait it was yeah there is a question in

2449
01:44:12,510 --> 01:44:08,770
the chat room Constantini Asst that's

2450
01:44:17,250 --> 01:44:12,520
the screen name have you ever come in

2451
01:44:19,440 --> 01:44:17,260
contact with Bashar bas har Bashar

2452
01:44:22,680 --> 01:44:19,450
shares the same concept of them being

2453
01:44:25,490 --> 01:44:22,690
descendants thus from the future

2454
01:44:29,760 --> 01:44:25,500
did you are you aware of that name or

2455
01:44:32,570 --> 01:44:29,770
I'm not but I I would like to respond to

2456
01:44:35,100 --> 01:44:32,580
that question by saying that I have been

2457
01:44:38,370 --> 01:44:35,110
really excited about how many people

2458
01:44:42,440 --> 01:44:38,380
have also thought of this and I've also

2459
01:44:45,240 --> 01:44:42,450
research this tremendously and and I

2460
01:44:47,130 --> 01:44:45,250
plan on looking this person up as well

2461
01:44:49,530 --> 01:44:47,140
because what I've also found is that

2462
01:44:53,040 --> 01:44:49,540
we've all come at it with a similar sort

2463
01:44:56,190 --> 01:44:53,050
of reason but with very different things

2464
01:44:58,470 --> 01:44:56,200
to add and and I've always said that you

2465
01:45:00,690 --> 01:44:58,480
know this is an evolving project and I'm

2466
01:45:03,030 --> 01:45:00,700
just trying to put some pieces of the

2467
01:45:05,550 --> 01:45:03,040
puzzle and where they might fit and then

2468
01:45:07,140 --> 01:45:05,560
hopefully start more dialogue and more

2469
01:45:09,060 --> 01:45:07,150
conversation especially among my

2470
01:45:11,280 --> 01:45:09,070
academic peers because this is what

2471
01:45:13,130 --> 01:45:11,290
science is supposed to be is asking

2472
01:45:16,800 --> 01:45:13,140
questions about things that are unknown

2473
01:45:18,810 --> 01:45:16,810
so I I would hope that more people would

2474
01:45:21,270 --> 01:45:18,820
start to look at these questions and

2475
01:45:24,180 --> 01:45:21,280
develop testable hypotheses but but I've

2476
01:45:27,780 --> 01:45:24,190
already been really excited by how many

2477
01:45:30,300 --> 01:45:27,790
other people have have really thought

2478
01:45:32,370 --> 01:45:30,310
about this and in deep terms and I've

2479
01:45:34,220 --> 01:45:32,380
had the chance to talk to many of them

2480
01:45:38,400 --> 01:45:34,230
with really exciting conversations

2481
01:45:40,310 --> 01:45:38,410
actually actually just started signed a

2482
01:45:44,130 --> 01:45:40,320
contract to start working with the TV

2483
01:45:47,520 --> 01:45:44,140
production company with with a couple

2484
01:45:49,380 --> 01:45:47,530
really amazing people who who are

2485
01:45:51,720 --> 01:45:49,390
excited about the project and who have

2486
01:45:55,650 --> 01:45:51,730
also thought about this and I've have

2487
01:45:58,860 --> 01:45:55,660
really been excited to build this and to

2488
01:46:00,690 --> 01:45:58,870
present it in a more means to a more

2489
01:46:02,580 --> 01:46:00,700
mainstream audience I sure hope they

2490
01:46:05,729 --> 01:46:02,590
don't go off the fringe fringe side with

2491
01:46:07,920 --> 01:46:05,739
it to make it more well no no no no no

2492
01:46:10,200 --> 01:46:07,930
we that was the very first thing we

2493
01:46:11,039 --> 01:46:10,210
talked about the very first thing that I

2494
01:46:13,289 --> 01:46:11,049
can do

2495
01:46:15,689 --> 01:46:13,299
by the your your manner in general that

2496
01:46:17,549 --> 01:46:15,699
you would oh my god no I you guys spoke

2497
01:46:20,339 --> 01:46:17,559
about ancient aliens earlier I've been

2498
01:46:24,239 --> 01:46:20,349
contacted by two producers of ancient

2499
01:46:27,119 --> 01:46:24,249
aliens in the last five months and and I

2500
01:46:28,769 --> 01:46:27,129
I hope we can find common ground stinks

2501
01:46:30,959 --> 01:46:28,779
I really would like to be on the show

2502
01:46:33,509 --> 01:46:30,969
but I'm not I'm not gonna sell out my

2503
01:46:35,250 --> 01:46:33,519
integrity good feel I'm not gonna I'm

2504
01:46:38,309 --> 01:46:35,260
not gonna lie I'm not gonna make things

2505
01:46:40,019 --> 01:46:38,319
up and and these guys know that we've

2506
01:46:41,279 --> 01:46:40,029
had some really great discussions and

2507
01:46:42,569 --> 01:46:41,289
I'm really excited to work with them I

2508
01:46:44,459 --> 01:46:42,579
think it'll be phenomenal

2509
01:46:45,869 --> 01:46:44,469
great we do have a caller on the line

2510
01:46:47,689 --> 01:46:45,879
caller your first name where are you

2511
01:46:50,939 --> 01:46:47,699
calling from

2512
01:46:52,979 --> 01:46:50,949
James and I'm in Bellevue Washington

2513
01:46:54,959 --> 01:46:52,989
oh yes James you've called him before

2514
01:46:57,599 --> 01:46:54,969
and you're just kind of a science etype

2515
01:47:02,399 --> 01:46:57,609
guy how are you yes that's right

2516
01:47:06,059 --> 01:47:02,409
yes great show thank you think yeah yeah

2517
01:47:11,159 --> 01:47:06,069
my I really can't wait to read the book

2518
01:47:13,259 --> 01:47:11,169
and and I like the whole idea of the IFO

2519
01:47:17,519 --> 01:47:13,269
so I'm just wondering what your thoughts

2520
01:47:22,319 --> 01:47:17,529
are you know there's such a huge variety

2521
01:47:25,199 --> 01:47:22,329
of descriptions of the various ships you

2522
01:47:28,649 --> 01:47:25,209
know there's triangles and I've heard of

2523
01:47:31,289 --> 01:47:28,659
rectangles and yeah and saucers all of

2524
01:47:33,959 --> 01:47:31,299
that and do you what do you think about

2525
01:47:38,399 --> 01:47:33,969
do you think it is possible that there

2526
01:47:41,159 --> 01:47:38,409
are other you know cultures or species

2527
01:47:43,439 --> 01:47:41,169
that may be visiting or maybe they're

2528
01:47:46,799 --> 01:47:43,449
von Neumann croaked or something along

2529
01:47:48,629 --> 01:47:46,809
those lines yeah that's a great question

2530
01:47:50,909 --> 01:47:48,639
I actually appreciate that question

2531
01:47:53,129 --> 01:47:50,919
because it's something that I didn't

2532
01:47:55,829 --> 01:47:53,139
really go into in much detail on the

2533
01:47:58,559 --> 01:47:55,839
book but I wished I'd had once I

2534
01:48:00,899 --> 01:47:58,569
published it you'll you'll be able to

2535
01:48:02,489 --> 01:48:00,909
see where that should have gone and

2536
01:48:05,219 --> 01:48:02,499
where I wished I would have put it if

2537
01:48:06,869 --> 01:48:05,229
you end up getting it but well one thing

2538
01:48:09,419 --> 01:48:06,879
I would like to mention I don't

2539
01:48:11,129 --> 01:48:09,429
necessarily think that they're they're

2540
01:48:13,079 --> 01:48:11,139
Extra Terrestrial there are different

2541
01:48:15,569 --> 01:48:13,089
shapes absolutely there's the sugar the

2542
01:48:16,889 --> 01:48:15,579
cigar shape is a very common one what I

2543
01:48:18,629 --> 01:48:16,899
personally think and I'm just

2544
01:48:21,629 --> 01:48:18,639
speculating here but what I personally

2545
01:48:25,080 --> 01:48:21,639
think is that the triangle ones are are

2546
01:48:27,209 --> 01:48:25,090
ours are ours now let me talk about

2547
01:48:30,180 --> 01:48:27,219
that well well modern man may because if

2548
01:48:32,010 --> 01:48:30,190
you think about it if they don't have to

2549
01:48:33,810 --> 01:48:32,020
worry about the time travel aspects if

2550
01:48:36,540 --> 01:48:33,820
they don't have to maintain that that

2551
01:48:38,310 --> 01:48:36,550
symmetrical shape and and have a

2552
01:48:40,620 --> 01:48:38,320
material that can withstand not just the

2553
01:48:43,589 --> 01:48:40,630
centrifugal forces but all of the

2554
01:48:45,570 --> 01:48:43,599
kinetic forces and the friction and

2555
01:48:49,200 --> 01:48:45,580
spinning something that fast and with

2556
01:48:51,870 --> 01:48:49,210
that much energy the title yeah exactly

2557
01:48:56,240 --> 01:48:51,880
but the triangles almost seem like a

2558
01:48:58,320 --> 01:48:56,250
primitive attempt by us to use that

2559
01:49:02,160 --> 01:48:58,330
anti-gravity electromagnetic propulsion

2560
01:49:04,350 --> 01:49:02,170
system to still make something that's

2561
01:49:06,320 --> 01:49:04,360
unidentifiable to us because we're used

2562
01:49:09,359 --> 01:49:06,330
to vector propulsion we're used to

2563
01:49:11,700 --> 01:49:09,369
airplanes with jets or helicopters but I

2564
01:49:14,010 --> 01:49:11,710
think the triangles are ours I almost

2565
01:49:16,350 --> 01:49:14,020
think that those have been developed

2566
01:49:18,839 --> 01:49:16,360
perhaps even with technology that was

2567
01:49:20,760 --> 01:49:18,849
acquired during the Roswell crash where

2568
01:49:25,350 --> 01:49:20,770
we reverse engineered and figured out 50

2569
01:49:27,390 --> 01:49:25,360
years is a long time oh we're

2570
01:49:29,580 --> 01:49:27,400
almost there like 70 years now since

2571
01:49:31,760 --> 01:49:29,590
that happened so so that's actually a

2572
01:49:34,169 --> 01:49:31,770
very long time to reverse engineer

2573
01:49:35,339 --> 01:49:34,179
something like that I personally think

2574
01:49:38,280 --> 01:49:35,349
the triangles and again I'm just

2575
01:49:43,290 --> 01:49:38,290
speculating but those shapes where it's

2576
01:49:44,729 --> 01:49:43,300
just about trying to get stability you

2577
01:49:47,310 --> 01:49:44,739
know like if you think about sitting on

2578
01:49:48,839 --> 01:49:47,320
your chair you have three legs

2579
01:49:50,280 --> 01:49:48,849
you're gonna wobble in three different

2580
01:49:52,830 --> 01:49:50,290
directions you have for your better

2581
01:49:54,330 --> 01:49:52,840
situated for that so that takes some of

2582
01:49:56,100 --> 01:49:54,340
the variables out of it where it's not a

2583
01:49:57,839 --> 01:49:56,110
rotational thing it's not like trying to

2584
01:50:00,930 --> 01:49:57,849
maintain a rotating frisbee in the air

2585
01:50:02,399 --> 01:50:00,940
but it's just these these three places

2586
01:50:05,430 --> 01:50:02,409
where you have to control those

2587
01:50:07,290 --> 01:50:05,440
independently well I would I'm actually

2588
01:50:09,629 --> 01:50:07,300
gonna have to cut this short but because

2589
01:50:12,240 --> 01:50:09,639
we are out of time and thanks for the

2590
01:50:14,070 --> 01:50:12,250
call well alright thanks for the call

2591
01:50:17,760 --> 01:50:14,080
thanks James and I wish I had longer

2592
01:50:19,470 --> 01:50:17,770
time to argue the triangular thank you f

2593
01:50:21,570 --> 01:50:19,480
up with you I'd still like to hear your

2594
01:50:22,589 --> 01:50:21,580
idea okay well hang on don't surly you

2595
01:50:24,540 --> 01:50:22,599
give me cliff notes

2596
01:50:26,550 --> 01:50:24,550
okay wait don't go away stay on Skype

2597
01:50:28,979 --> 01:50:26,560
for a minute and this is going to be at

2598
01:50:30,780 --> 01:50:28,989
the end of the show again I want to

2599
01:50:33,089 --> 01:50:30,790
thank everyone for helping out with the

2600
01:50:34,500 --> 01:50:33,099
show and Alejandro and the first at the

2601
01:50:36,570 --> 01:50:34,510
first part of the show and a guest of

2602
01:50:38,770 --> 01:50:36,580
course dr. Michael masters you can get

2603
01:50:41,980 --> 01:50:38,780
his book check it out on

2604
01:50:44,470 --> 01:50:41,990
go ahead and throw that website out

2605
01:50:46,150 --> 01:50:44,480
there one more time if you would I'd fly

2606
01:50:51,160 --> 01:50:46,160
up come

2607
01:50:52,780 --> 01:50:51,170
I do fo y obj okay since you are on and

2608
01:50:54,670 --> 01:50:52,790
I'm asking you to stay on there's going

2609
01:50:57,010 --> 01:50:54,680
to be an outro you're not gonna hear it

2610
01:50:59,590 --> 01:50:57,020
so you're just gonna have to hang in

2611
01:51:01,450 --> 01:50:59,600
there and not make any choices because

2612
01:51:04,740 --> 01:51:01,460
we're gonna go into it so thanks so much

2613
01:51:07,450 --> 01:51:04,750
for everyone everyone for listening and

2614
01:51:09,670 --> 01:51:07,460
we'll see you next week I'm not sure who